Renalase — a new marker or just a bystander in cardiovascular disease: clinical and experimental data

Musiałowska, Dominika; Małyszko, Jolanta

doi:10.5603/kp.a2016.0095

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 56 publications

(95 reference statements)

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“…However, the mechanism by which circulating renalase affects CKD is unknown. There are inconsistent findings across studies 22 . In a mouse knockout model, renalase deficiency was related to more extensive ischemic myocardial damage than that in wild-type mice 30 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Renalase may also predict disease activity in patients with lupus nephritis 20 . Recently, it has been hypothesized that circulating renalase may be a risk factor for CVD 21 , 22 . Since the mechanistic bridge between CKD and CAD has yet to be elucidated, we investigated the effect of renalase and CKD on ET-1 levels in patients with established CAD.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Synergistic effect of renalase and chronic kidney disease on endothelin-1 in patients with coronary artery disease ‒ a cross-sectional study

Sheu

Lee

et al. 2018

Sci Rep

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Endothelin-1 (ET-1) is associated with endothelial dysfunction and vasoconstriction. Increased circulating ET-1 levels are associated with long-term cardiovascular mortality. Renalase, released from kidney, metabolizes catecholamines and regulates blood pressure. An increase in circulating renalase levels has been reported in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and is associated with coronary artery disease (CAD). We hypothesized the existence of a synergistic effect of serum renalase levels and CKD on ET-1 levels in patients with CAD. We evaluated 342 non-diabetic patients with established CAD. ET-1 and renalase levels were measured in all patients after an overnight fast. Patients with CKD had higher ET-1 (1.95 ± 0.77 vs. 1.62 ± 0.76 pg/ml, P < 0.001) and renalase levels (46.8 ± 17.1 vs. 33.9 ± 9.9 ng/ml, P < 0.001) than patients without CKD. Patients with both CKD and high renalase levels (>the median of 36.2 ng/ml) exhibited the highest serum ET-1 (P value for the trend <0.001). According to multivariate linear regression analysis, the combination of high serum renalase levels with CKD was a significant risk factor for increased serum ET-1 levels (regression coefficient = 0.297, 95% confidence interval = 0.063‒0.531, P = 0.013). In conclusion, our data suggest a synergistic effect of high serum renalase levels and CKD on increases in ET-1 levels in patients with established CAD.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synergistic effect of renalase and chronic kidney disease on endothelin-1 in patients with coronary artery disease ‒ a cross-sectional study

Sheu

Lee

et al. 2018

Sci Rep

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“…Renalase gene polymorphism is one of such genes. One of the renalase variants is the missense polymorphism in the flavin-adenine dinucleotide-binding domain (Glu37Asp) (rs2296545), which displayed an association with HTN [ 20 ]. Renalase controls blood pressure by manipulating catecholamine metabolism [ 21 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association Between Renalase Gene Polymorphism (rs2296545) and Hypertension in Egyptian Chronic Kidney Disease Patients

Khater,

Abd EL-Hassib,

Sabry

et al. 2023

Cureus

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Background Renalase gene polymorphisms are associated with an increased risk of essential hypertension, chronic kidney disease (CKD), heart disease, diabetes, and stroke. One of these polymorphisms is a common missense (rs2296545) polymorphism, which was reported to be related to hypertension. The aim of this work was to investigate the possible relation between renalase gene polymorphism (rs2296545) and hypertension in patients with CKD patients. Subjects and methods Ninety patients were included in this case-control study: 30 normotensive CKD patients, 30 hypertensive CKD patients, and 30 apparently healthy controls. Genomic deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) was extracted from peripheral whole blood, and renalase gene (rs2296545) polymorphism was genotyped in all patients and controls by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). Odds ratios (OR) and their 95% CIs were calculated. Results We found that the CC genotype and the C allele renalase (rs2296545) were statistically associated with the risk of CKD (OR= 9.4; 95%CI 1.2-7.2; P= 0.036) and (OR= 3.78; 95%CI 1.57-9.08; P= 0.003), respectively. There was a statistically significant difference between the hypertensive CKD patients and the controls regarding the CC genotypes and the C allele, (26.7% versus 3.3%, P= 0.018) and (40% versus 11.7%, P< 0.001) for the CC genotype and the C allele, respectively. The mean values of systolic and diastolic blood pressure were higher in the normotensive CKD patients with the CC genotype compared to other genotypes (P= 0.014 and P= 0.022, respectively) and also were higher in hypertensive CKD patients with the CC genotype when compared to other genotypes (P= 0.001 for both). Conclusion This study demonstrated a statistically significant increase in the renalase gene (rs2296545) CC genotype and the C allele in CKD patients, especially hypertensive CKD.

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“…17–21 Clinical studies have suggested that plasma renalase levels in end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients are much lower than those with normal renal function. 22–24…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of urinary renalase on early-stage renal damage in Chinese adults with primary hypertension

You

Jiang

Lin

et al. 2020

Exp Biol Med (Maywood)

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It would be of great clinical value to find an indicator that can accurately evaluate the early-stage renal injury in primary hypertension. Previous findings have shown renalase not only plays an important role in hypertension but also closely correlates with kidney function. The purpose of this study is to investigate whether urinary renalase could be used as a predictive index of early-stage renal damage in patients with primary hypertension. Urinary albumin to creatinine ratio (UACR) was used to divide subjects with primary hypertension into two groups: a no renal damage (NRD) group (UACR <30 mg/g) and an early-stage renal damage (RD) group (UACR >30 mg/g). Subjects with normal examination results were randomly included in a healthy control (HC) group. Urinary renalase was determined through an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Urinary renalase continued to reduce among the HC (n = 81), NRD (n = 84) and RD group (n = 80), while systolic blood pressure (SBP) increased. Urinary renalase was negatively correlated with SBP in all the groups. Among the subjects with stage 1 primary hypertension, urinary renalase in the RD group was lower than the NRD group, while the UACR was higher, and urinary renalase was negatively correlated with the UACR. A multiple linear stepwise regression analysis showed that there was a linear regression relationship between the increase of the UACR and urinary renalase, heart rate (HR), SBP and serum creatinine. In addition, the standardized partial regression coefficient of urinary renalase was the highest. The performance of urinary renalase as a marker for the diagnosis of early-stage renal damage in patients with primary hypertension was 0.968 with a cut off value of 2.01 µg/ml. Taken together, urinary renalase was further decreased in patients with early-stage renal damage and primary hypertension, and consequently, it could be used as a predictive index. Impact statement In patients with early-stage kidney damage of primary hypertension, there are no obvious structural or functional changes, which leads to a high level of diagnostic omissions. Therefore, it would be of great clinical value to find an indicator that can accurately evaluate the early-stage renal injury in primary hypertension. Urinary albumin to creatinine ratio (UACR) is a classic indicator used in early-stage renal damage, but it is affected by many factors. Renalase, a protein discovered by Xu in 2005, not only plays an important role in hypertension but also closely correlates with kidney function. In our study, we found that urinary renalase was further decreased in patients with early-stage renal damage in primary hypertension, and it could be used as a predictive index. This finding could help to diagnose the early-stage renal damage in primary hypertension much earlier and improve the prognosis of these patients.

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Renalase — a new marker or just a bystander in cardiovascular disease: clinical and experimental data

Cited by 6 publications

References 56 publications

Synergistic effect of renalase and chronic kidney disease on endothelin-1 in patients with coronary artery disease ‒ a cross-sectional study

Synergistic effect of renalase and chronic kidney disease on endothelin-1 in patients with coronary artery disease ‒ a cross-sectional study

Association Between Renalase Gene Polymorphism (rs2296545) and Hypertension in Egyptian Chronic Kidney Disease Patients

The role of urinary renalase on early-stage renal damage in Chinese adults with primary hypertension

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