Renewable Energy from Palm Oil Empty Fruit Bunch

Kerdsuwan, Somrat; Laohalidanond, Krongkaew

doi:10.5772/25888

Cited by 24 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…The weight of EFB generated from FFB is about 20%. [8] EFB has a nonuniform shape and low bulk density and contains a high moisture content ranging from 60 to 70 wt% on a wet basis (wb). [9,10] The energy, both thermal and electrical, in CPO mills is usually supplied by a standalone steam and power generator employing a steam boiler.…”

Section: Please Scroll Down For Articlementioning

confidence: 99%

“…(2) the minimum temperature approach in the fluidized bed dryer and other heat exchangers is 10 C; (3) target moisture contents during drying are set to 5 and 10 wt% wb; (4) the ambient temperature and pressure are 25 C and 101.33 kPa, respectively; (5) the adiabatic efficiency of the compressor and blower is 87%; (6) component psychochemical properties are calculated based on SoaveRedlich-Kwong equations; (7) pressure drop at each heat exchanger is assumed to be 5 kPa; (8) there is no heat loss; (9) there is no air contamination inside the dryer; and (10) heat is completely transferred in the FBD from the compressed steam to EFB particles via the heat transfer tube. Table 1 shows the composition of the EFB including ultimate and proximate analysis, which is used in this study.…”

Section: Process Modeling and Evaluationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Innovative Steam Drying of Empty Fruit Bunch with High Energy Efficiency

2015

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Empty fruit bunch (EFB) is one of the solid wastes from crude palm oil mills and has the lowest value for utilization compared to other solid wastes. To achieve an efficient utilization of EFB, drying is considered the first crucial process due to the high moisture content of EFB. In this study, EFB drying based on exergy recovery is proposed to achieve high energy efficiency. A fluidized bed is adopted as the main dryer. The proposed model is evaluated in terms of energy efficiency, especially regarding the influence of target moisture content and fluidization velocity. Up to 92% of the energy involved in the drying process can be recirculated. The total energy consumption for drying decreases as the target moisture content decreases, though there is no significant impact of fluidization velocity to total energy consumption. In addition, the required total length of the heat transfer tubes immersed inside the fluidized bed dryer is calculated because it relates to fluidization performance and economic issues. Lower target moisture content results in a longer heat transfer tube, and higher fluidization velocity leads to a shorter heat transfer tube.

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Section: Please Scroll Down For Articlementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Process Modeling and Evaluationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Innovative Steam Drying of Empty Fruit Bunch with High Energy Efficiency

2015

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“…SAF is the rate of unused PSR or residue left-overs which are not applied regularly and the CRR is the amount of PSR generated per one unit mass of the produced palm. The extracted energy from solid by-products of palm industry is calculated from the quantity of PSR and the lower heating value of PSR [39]. Elaeis guineensis from western Africa and Elaeis oleifera from tropical Central America and South America are mentioned as the two origins of oil palm and of the two, Elaeis guineensis has been cultivated on a wide scale in South East Asia [40].…”

Section: Palm Tree Plantations In Malaysiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Utilization of palm solid residue as a source of renewable and sustainable energy in Malaysia

Hosseini

Wahid

2014

Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews

103

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“…The aim of the study reported in this paper is to investigate the performance and emission of SI engine using bioethanol derived from EFB of oil-palm blended with gasoline varying from 0% to 25% by volume and engine speed from 1,500 to 4,500 rev/min. As has been reported that ethanol has 35% mass composition of oxygen, lower than bioethanol derived from EFB of oil-palm with 42.65% mass composition of oxygen [26,41], therefore, bioethanol from EFB of oil-palm is suspected produces complete combustion on SI engine. The engine setup, experimental procedures, experimental results and finally conclusions are discussed in the following sections.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Experimental Investigation of 2nd Generation Bioethanol Derived from Empty-fruit-bunch (EFB) of Oil-palm on Performance and Exhaust Emission of SI Engine

Putrasari

Abimanyu

Praptijanto

et al. 2014

J. Mechatron. Electr. Power Veh. Technol.

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The experimental investigation of 2nd generation bioethanol derived from EFB of oil-palm blended with gasoline for 10, 20, 25% by volume and pure gasoline were conducted on performance and exhaust emission tests of SI engine. A four stroke, four cylinders, programmed fuel injection (PGMFI), 16 valves variable valve timing and electronic lift control (VTEC), single overhead camshaft (SOHC), and 1,497 cm 3 SI engine (Honda/L15A) was used in this investigation. Engine performance test was carried out for brake torque, power, and fuel consumption. The exhaust emission was analyzed for carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrocarbon (HC). The engine was operated on speed range from1,500 until 4,500 rev/min with 85% throttle opening position. The results showed that the highest brake torque of bioethanol blends achieved by 10% bioethanol content at 3,000 to 4,500 rpm, the brake power was greater than pure gasoline at 3,500 to 4,500 rpm for 10% bioethanol, and bioethanol-gasoline blends of 10 and 20% resulted greater bsfc than pure gasoline at low speed from 1,500 to 3,500 rpm. The trend of CO and HC emissions tended to decrease when the engine speed increased.

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Renewable Energy from Palm Oil Empty Fruit Bunch

Cited by 24 publications

References 9 publications

Innovative Steam Drying of Empty Fruit Bunch with High Energy Efficiency

Innovative Steam Drying of Empty Fruit Bunch with High Energy Efficiency

Utilization of palm solid residue as a source of renewable and sustainable energy in Malaysia

Experimental Investigation of 2nd Generation Bioethanol Derived from Empty-fruit-bunch (EFB) of Oil-palm on Performance and Exhaust Emission of SI Engine

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