Renewable energy source—Dehydrated ethanol

Kamiński, W.; Marszałek, Joanna; Ciolkowska, Agnieszka

doi:10.1016/j.cej.2007.03.017

Cited by 69 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Furthermore, the prevailing industrial technologies such as azeotropic distillation and extractive distillation are all energy-intensive processes and need auxiliary agents. By contrast, pervaporation, due to its distinct advantages including low-energy cost, environmental benignity and unrestraint of vaporliquid equilibrium, is considered as a promising alternative [14,15]. Poly(vinyl alcohol)(PVA) as a favorable hydrophilic polymer shows a better separation factor for alcohol/H 2 O pervaporation separation process, but shows a relatively low permeation flux [16,17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…It is well known that ethanol dehydration is a difficult task due to the formation of ethanol/water azeotrope in the process of ethanol fermentation production [14,15]. Furthermore, the prevailing industrial technologies such as azeotropic distillation and extractive distillation are all energy-intensive processes and need auxiliary agents.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Preparation of PFSA/PSf hollow fiber composite membranes with recovered PFSA for the pervaporation separation of EtOH/H2O

Lang

Tong

et al. 2010

Sci. China Chem.

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Perfluorosulfonic acid/Polysulfone(PFSA/PSf) hollow fiber composite membranes have been prepared by dip-coating method using PSf ultrafiltration (UF) membrane as substrate with recovered PFSA. The composite membranes were applied to the pervaporation separation of 95% ethanol (EtOH)/H 2 O mixture. SEM images show that the thickness of the PFSA skin layer of the composite membranes is about 2 μm, much thinner than those of other PFSA composite membranes revealed in the literatures. Effects of annealing temperature, coating solution concentration and counter-ions of PFSA on the pervaporation performances of the composite membranes were investigated. The total flux decreases and separation factor increases with the increase of annealing temperature. The highest permeation flux of 3230 g m −2 h −1 and a separation factor of 5.4 is obtained for the composite membrane annealed at 80°C. The lowest permeation flux of 396 g m −2 h −1 and a separation factor of 27.7 is obtained for the composite membrane annealed at 160°C. The permeation performances of the PFSA/PSf composite membrane are evidently influenced by the counter-ions of PFSA. The flux sequence of the PFSA/PSf composite membranes with different counter-ions is H + >Li + >Ca 2+ >Mg 2+ >Na + >K + >Ba 2+ >Fe 3+ >Al 3+ , and the separation factor sequence is H +

Na + >K + . There are very little variations of ΔE app values between the composite membranes with three divalent counter-ions (Mg 2+ , Ca 2+ and Ba 2+ ), and the ΔE app values of the composite membranes with two trivalent counter-ions (Fe 3+ and Al 3+ ) are relatively high. pervaporation, hollow fiber composite membrane, perfluorslulfonic acid (PFSA), ethanol (EtOH)/H 2 O mixture

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation of PFSA/PSf hollow fiber composite membranes with recovered PFSA for the pervaporation separation of EtOH/H2O

Lang

Tong

et al. 2010

Sci. China Chem.

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“…In ethanol-water distillation process, the existence of azeotropic point makes it difficult to get in a state of absolute ethanol (99.5%) through normal distillation process. In order to achieve anhydrous ethanol, it requires an additional process that is known as dehydration process to remove the water content from its water content by using zeolite adsorbent (Baeyens, J., et al, 2015;Gupta, A., et al, 2015;Kumar, S., et al, 2010;Kaminski, W., et al, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feed Plate and Feed Adsorbent Temperature Optimisation of Distillation – Adsorption Process to Produce Absolute Ethanol

Taufany¹,

Soewarno²,

Yuwono³

et al. 2015

MAS

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Two subsequent separation processes are required to produce absolute ethanol (at least purity of 99.5% v/v),namely the distillation and adsorption processes. Thus, it is important to find the optimum operation conditionfor those following processes. The aims of the present study are to optimize the feed plate of distillation and thetemperature of feed adsorbent. This study is conducted using a continuous sieve tray distillation system with thenumber of 16 trays, the length-diameter ratio of 80.64, the reflux ratio of 3.5, and the feed with ethanol contentof 10 % v/v ethanol, which is produced via the fermentation process of molasses. To conduct the first aim of thisstudy, the feed enters the distillation column with several of variable feed plate, i.e. 12, 13, 14, and 15. This feedplate location is calculated from the top of the column. On the other hand, the second aim of this study, isconducted using the subsequent combination of distillation and adsorbent columns, where the distillate (purity ofethanol around 95% v/v) from the distillation column is then flowed into the adsorbent column with various feedadsorbent temperature, i.e. 80 °C, 90 °C, 100 °C, and 110 °C, to be purified as an absolute ethanol. Here theadsorbent column is designed as a fix bed adsorption column with a molecular sieve of 3A (zeolite) is used as anadsorbent for that purification process. Our results showed that the optimum feed plate is 14, because at thisplate the ethanol distillate has the highest content among those various variables. Meanwhile, the optimumtemperature of feed adsorbent is 90° C, which requires the least energy for the distillation - adsorption process,i.e. at 18691 kJ/kg absolute ethanol. This primary study is expected to be an alternative way to optimize theoperating condition of the sieve tray distillation-molecular sieve adsorption system by means of acquiring aminimum energy involving in the process to achieve the highest purity of ethanol.

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“…Other techniques for separation of alcohol from water include molecular sieve adsorption and pervaporation (Huang et al ., 2008). Among these technologies, membrane-based pervaporation is promising due to its simple operation and less energy requirement since only part of the liquid feed is evaporated (Kaminski et al ., 2008). Three types of pervaporation membranes have been demonstrated in extensive laboratory and pilot scale studies: polymeric, inorganic, and organic-inorganic hybrid .…”

Section: Membranes For Biofuels Productionmentioning

confidence: 96%

An introduction to the utilization of membrane technology in the production of clean and renewable power

Damle

2014

Membranes for Clean and Renewable Power Applications

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Renewable energy source—Dehydrated ethanol

Cited by 69 publications

References 20 publications

Preparation of PFSA/PSf hollow fiber composite membranes with recovered PFSA for the pervaporation separation of EtOH/H2O

Preparation of PFSA/PSf hollow fiber composite membranes with recovered PFSA for the pervaporation separation of EtOH/H2O

Feed Plate and Feed Adsorbent Temperature Optimisation of Distillation – Adsorption Process to Produce Absolute Ethanol

An introduction to the utilization of membrane technology in the production of clean and renewable power

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