Renoprotective effect of inhibiting renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) by captopril versus losartan on drug-induced acute kidney injury (AKI)

Abstract

Renoprotective effect of inhibiting renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) by captopril versus losartan on drug-induced acute kidney injury (AKI). AbstractAcute kidney injury (AKI) is a common health problem especially the drug induced AKI is a side or toxic effect during treatment of different medical disorders. The present study was aimed to investigate the renoprotective effect of inhibiting renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) by captopril versus losartan on drug induced acute kidney injury (AKI). In this study sixty (60) male albino rats divided into six groups (10 rats/group); control, AKI. AKI+captopril, AKI+losartan, captopril and losartan have been used. GFR (glomerular filteration rate) and SBP (systolic blood pressure) have been measured. For measurement of MCP-1 (monocyte chemoattractant protein-1), urea, NGAL (Neutrophil gelatinaseassociated lipocalin, ICAM-1 (intercellular adhesion molecule -1), cystatin-C and creatinine serum samples were collected. Kidney tissues for measurement of tissue of KIM-1 (Kidney injury molecule-1), MDA (malondialdehyde) and renal expression of megalin were removed. Both losartan and captopril attenuated drug induced acute kidney injury (AKI) as revealed from the measured tissue parameters and serum. As compared to losartan, captopril was found to be superior on normalizing KIM-1, megalin and ICAM-1 while as compared to captopril, losartan improved more GFR. In AKI, groups treated with captopril and groups treated with losartan showed no significant difference in such type of measured parameters. Both are used for acute kidney injury and losartan slow the rate of progression of the experimental renal disease as compared to captopril in future case.