Repair of an Isolated Congenital Left Ventricular Diverticulum

Abstract

Left ventricular diverticulum is a rare congenital anomaly. We report two cases of isolated left ventricular diverticulum with a different clinical presentation. The first case was a nine-year-old boy with a history of congestive heart failure and ventricular arrhythmia. The second case was a 51-year-old asymptomatic male with abnormal electrocardiogram. Both patients had the diagnosis confirmed by cardiac magnetic resonance imaging and underwent successful surgical correction of the abnormality.

Isolated Congenital Left Ventricular Diverticulum in Adults

“…According to several recent case reports, congenital LVD has been successfully corrected by resection, patch repair, or plication on the basis of its size and location [ 3 , 4 , 6 , 7 ]. In the present case, because the diverticulum was not too large, resection of the diverticulum was not necessary.…”

Ventricular Diverticulum: A Review of the Literature

“…A median sternotomy incision is adequate to repair all kinds of VDs. For the isolated small LD located at apical or anterior wall, a left lateral thoracotomy is also a good choice . Currently, available data do not allow for valid conclusions with regard to the operative mortality and long‐term outcomes of VD patients.…”

Left Ventricular Diverticulum

“…1 Many of these describe only one case or relist previously described cases in review, and some are fetal images with an uncertain outcome such that probably less than 80 to 90 have been reported during this period spanning over 50 years. [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10] A good portion of descriptions mention it as part of Cantrell Pentad and/or ectopic cordis 3,5,9 making isolated presentation even rarer. Arrhythmia seems to be a common presenting feature that has led to this diagnosis in the past cases.…”

“…2,6 Some descriptions of surgical resection and Dor-type operations have been scantly described. 8,9 A recent review stresses that LV aneurysm is most properly defined as a thin, dyskinetic outpouching with a wide connection to the LV chamber, while a diverticulum should have all three heart layers that can often be demonstrated to have intact systolic contraction and a narrow neck connecting to the LV. The figures presented herein thus demonstrate a stereotypical LV diverticulum.…”