Reparo: Publicly Verifiable Layer to Repair Blockchains

Thyagarajan, Sri Aravinda Krishnan; Bhat, Adithya; Magri, Bernardo; Tschudi, Daniel; Kate, Aniket

doi:10.1007/978-3-662-64331-0_2

Cited by 26 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Differently from [9], [10], [11] that achieve redactions using voting protocols, we do not seek for consensus on redaction. On the other hand, we do require public verifiability, so that correctness of transactions in a redacted blockchain can still be verified.…”

Section: B Our Scenario and Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On the other hand, we do require public verifiability, so that correctness of transactions in a redacted blockchain can still be verified. We remark that by public verifiability we mean the ability of verifying the consistency of Bitcoin financial state (i.e., the correctness of UTXO), while instead in Thyagarajan et al [11] they refer to the accountability of redactions. In particular, our solution guarantees the ability of verifying that the chain of blocks is consistent; the verification will not be executed by just using the hash function as in the standard Bitcoin protocol but, as we will see later, by also verifying zero-knowledge proofs.…”

Section: B Our Scenario and Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A first approach to data redaction in blockchains was proposed by Ateniese et al [6] that mainly tackled the permissioned setting and thus remained ineffective for Bitcoin. In [9], [10], [11] the problem of redacting a permissionless blockchain is solved using consensus protocols. Each of these works presents different voting procedures that users have to perform to decide if a proposed modification can be stored on the blockchain or should be refused.…”

Section: A Previous Solutions and Their Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thyagarajan et al [11] proposed Reparo, a protocol that improves Deuber et al's solution with the property of "Reparaibility of Existing Content" (REC), that is the possibility of redacting or modifying blocks that are inserted in the blockchain before the software update that includes the redaction protocol is performed. As in Deuber et al, Reparo is based on expensive and interactive consensus protocols that requires several days to be run as opposed to our protocol in which deletion can be performed in few minutes.…”

Section: Related Work and Comparisonmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…, g ′ 7 . The routine outsource will use the public and private inputs to compute the intermediate hash of SHA256 on the current chunk and store it in output11 . The header file hash.h specifies the types of the structures struct Input, struct NzikInput and struct Output.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Towards Data Redaction in Bitcoin

Botta

Iovino²,

Visconti

2022

IEEE Trans. Netw. Serv. Manage.

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A major issue for many applications of blockchain technology is the tension between immutability and compliance to regulations. For instance, the GDPR in the EU requires to guarantee, under some circumstances, the right to be forgotten. This could imply that at some point one might be forced to delete some data from a locally stored blockchain, therefore irreparably hurting the security and transparency of such decentralized platforms.Motivated by such data protection and consistency issues, in this work we design and implement a mechanism for securely deleting data from Bitcoin blockchain. We use zero-knowledge proofs to allow any node to delete some data from Bitcoin transactions, still preserving the public verifiability of the correctness of the spent and spendable coins. Moreover, we specifically use STARK proofs to exploit the transparency that they provide.Our solution, unlike previous approaches, avoids the complications of asking nodes to reach consensus on the content to delete. In particular, our design allows every node to delete some specific data without coordinating this decision with others. In our implementation, data removal can be performed (resp., verified) in minutes (resp., seconds) on a standard laptop rather than in days as required in previous designs based on consensus.

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Section: B Our Scenario and Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: B Our Scenario and Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: A Previous Solutions and Their Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Related Work and Comparisonmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Towards Data Redaction in Bitcoin

Botta

Iovino²,

Visconti

2022

IEEE Trans. Netw. Serv. Manage.

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ICRB: An improved consensus‐based redactable blockchain considering contextual consistency

Zhang,

Zhu,

Tian

et al. 2023

Trans Emerging Tel Tech

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Blockchain is a distributed ledger proposed by Satoshi Nakamoto. It has become one of the most important networks for humans in the world. With the rapid development of blockchain technology, an increasing number of criminals are engaging in fraudulent activities, extortion and other financial crimes on the blockchain. Due to the immutability of blockchain, it is difficult for users to recover their losses. Some scholars have proposed the concept of the redactable blockchain. However, most redactable blockchain schemes fail to consider the impact of modification on the contextual economic relationships of the blockchain. We propose an improved redactable blockchain considering contextual consistency. Additionally, we utilize a security deposit mechanism to guarantee financial contextual consistency for the modified blockchain. We distribute users' security deposit account private keys to random users on the blockchain using Verifiable Secret Sharing, Verifiable Random Functions and other cryptographic primitives to achieve decentralized key management and modification. Experiments show that the performance of our scheme is acceptable in realistic situations.

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Redactable Blockchain with Fine-Grained Autonomy and Transaction Rollback

Peng

2022

Science of Cyber Security

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Reparo: Publicly Verifiable Layer to Repair Blockchains

Cited by 26 publications

References 5 publications

Towards Data Redaction in Bitcoin

Towards Data Redaction in Bitcoin

ICRB: An improved consensus‐based redactable blockchain considering contextual consistency

Redactable Blockchain with Fine-Grained Autonomy and Transaction Rollback

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