Repeatability of Grading Meibomian Gland Dropout Using Two Infrared Systems

Ngo, William; Srinivasan, Sruthi; Schulze, Marc; Jones, Lyndon

doi:10.1097/opx.0000000000000279

Cited by 57 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…To date, no data exist on the repeatability and reproducibility of tear meniscus measurements made using the Keratograph though its reliability for measuring corneal power,12 NITBUT14 and grading meibomian gland dropout13 has been established.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The new Keratograph (OculusOptikgerate GmbH, Wetzlar, Germany) has several functions such as Placido disk-based corneal topography,12 pupillometry, meibography13 and tear film analysis including non-invasive tear break-up time (NITBUT)14 and lower TMH (LTMH) measurements. However, the literature lacks data on the repeatability and reproducibility of TMH measurements made using the Keratograph and neither has agreement between this device and other methods like OCT been assessed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Assessment of lower tear meniscus measurements obtained with Keratograph and agreement with Fourier-domain optical-coherence tomography

et al. 2015

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of lower tear meniscus measurements obtained with Keratograph and agreement with Fourier-domain optical-coherence tomography

et al. 2015

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“…Meibography was assessed by everting the lower and upper eyelids and imaging the tarsal plate using the Keratograph ® 5M 24 . The amount of MG dropout from the upper and lower eyelids were was quantified using a grading scale previously described, 25 and summed.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The relief of dry eye signs and symptoms using a combination of lubricants, lid hygiene and ocular nutraceuticals

Ngo

Srinivasan

Houtman³

et al. 2017

Journal of Optometry

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PurposeTo determine the combined effect of TheraTears® Lubricant Eye Drops, TheraTears® SteriLid Eyelid Cleanser, and TheraTears® Nutrition on dry eye signs and symptoms.MethodsThis prospective study enrolled 28 dry eye participants. Participants were instructed to use the Lubricant Eye Drops at least 2–4× a day, SteriLid 1–2× a day, and Nutrition 3 gel caps once a day. Participants were followed up at baseline, 1 month and 3 months. Outcome variables were the Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI), Symptom Assessment iN Dry Eye (SANDE) questionnaire, non-invasive tear break-up time (NIBUT), osmolarity, number of meibomian glands blocked (#MG blocked), meibum quality, eyelid margin features, Schirmer's test, tear film lipid layer thickness (LLT), meniscus height, corneal and conjunctival staining.ResultsTwenty participants (mean age = 43, from 23 to 66, 17F, 3M) completed the study. Participants reported having used, on average, the Lubricant Eye Drop 2.4×/day, the SteriLid 1.1×/day, and the Nutrition 3 gel caps 1×/day. There was a significant change over time (p < 0.05) for OSDI (−21.2 points), SANDE (−32.4 points), NIBUT (+0.43 s), eyelid margin features (−1.1 grade), meibum quality (−1.0 grade), and #MG blocked (−4.0 glands).ConclusionBy using a combination of TheraTears® Lubricant Eye Drop, SteriLid, and Nutrition, patients experience significant relief in both dry eye symptoms and signs.

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“…It largely eliminated operator bias compared with other devices (4). In addition, screening tests demonstrated that it was able to exactly record the first location of the tear film break-up point and easily observe changes of MG morphology (13,14).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A novel noninvasive ocular surface analyzer for the assessment of dry eye with Meibomian gland dysfunction

Zhang

Huang

et al. 2017

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

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Abstract. Meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) is a major cause of dry eye, and the purpose of the present study was to evaluate the differences between dry eye patients with MGD and controls using a novel noninvasive ocular surface analyzer. A total of 33 dry eye patients with MGD and 31 controls were enrolled in the present study. Testing included administration of the Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI), followed by Keratogragh 5M (Oculus, Wetzlar, Germany), measurements of the noninvasive tear film break-up times (NITBUTs), the first tear film break-up point and the morphology of meibomian gland. Meibomian gland loss (MGL) on the upper lid was evaluated using noncontact meibography. The first NITBUT (NITBUTf) was significantly shorter than the average NITBUT (NITBUTav; Mann-Whitney U-test, P<0.01). There was a weak negative Spearman correlation between NITBUTf and OSDI (rs=-0.251, P=0.046) as well as between NITBUTav and OSDI (rs=-0.250, P=0.046). Furthermore, MGL showed a statistically significant Spearman correlation with OSDI (rs= 0.562; P<0.01). In the MGD group, NITBUTf was significantly shorter (P<0.01), and MGL and OSDI score were significantly greater (P<0.01 and <0.01, respectively) than in the control group. In the MGD group, the first tear film break-up point was most frequently located in the inferonasal quadrant, while it was most frequently located in the supertemporal quadrant in the control group, and there was a significant difference with this regard (χ 2 =3.937, P=0.047). In the MGD group, there were significantly more breakups in the lower quadrant than in the upper quadrant (P=0.011), whereas no differences in the number of breakups in each quadrant were observed in the control group (P= 0.429). Furthermore, there was no significant difference in the breakups in the lower quadrants of the two groups (χ 2 =0.525, P=0.469). In the MGD group, there were significantly more breakups in the lower quadrant than in the upper quadrant (P=0.011), whereas no differences in the number of breakups in each quadrant were observed in the control group (P= 0.429). Furthermore, there was no significant difference in the breakups in the lower quadrants of the two groups (χ 2 =0.525, P=0.469). As the NITBUTs showed only a weak correlation with OSDI, they may not be a strong indicator of the OSDI. However, MGL indicated changes of meibomian gland morphology in the MGD group and the first tear film break-up point was likely located in the inferonasal quadrant in the MGD group.

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Repeatability of Grading Meibomian Gland Dropout Using Two Infrared Systems

Cited by 57 publications

References 19 publications

Assessment of lower tear meniscus measurements obtained with Keratograph and agreement with Fourier-domain optical-coherence tomography

Assessment of lower tear meniscus measurements obtained with Keratograph and agreement with Fourier-domain optical-coherence tomography

The relief of dry eye signs and symptoms using a combination of lubricants, lid hygiene and ocular nutraceuticals

A novel noninvasive ocular surface analyzer for the assessment of dry eye with Meibomian gland dysfunction

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