Repeated exposure of pyriproxyfen to pregnant female mice causes developmental abnormalities in prenatal pups

Abstract

The continuous exposure to conventional pesticides leads to severe health and environmental issues especially at prenatal stage during developmental period. Herein, we aimed to investigate the anomalies due to repeated exposure of pyriproxyfen in pregnant female mice and their neonates. Twenty-four pregnant female mice were repeatedly administered with pyriproxyfen at 30, 100, 300, and 1000 mg/kg by oral gauge from gestation day (GD) 7 to gestation day 17 and six females were given distilled water in the control group. All the live pups were euthanized at postnatal day (PND) 7 and their organs (heart, liver, kidney, and brain) were dissected out, weighed, and assessed for further histopathological examinations. The results exhibited a significant (P < 0.001) decrease in the body weight gain of all treated pregnant mice in comparison to the controls and a significant increase in the gestational length was observed in group IV (P < 0.01) and group V (P < 0.001). In addition, no live pups were born in groups IV and V and one pregnant female mouse was also found dead in both treatments. The body weights of the pups were significantly decreased in group II (P < 0.05) and group III (P < 0.001) and the relative organ (liver, heart, and kidney) weight of the pups was increased significantly (P < 0.001, P < 0.01, P < 0.05) due to prenatal exposure in group II as compared to group I. The relative brain weights of the pups were decreased significantly (P < 0.001) in groups II and III as compared to group I. The liver, kidney, heart, and brain sections exhibited various histological alterations in groups II and III by hematoxylin and eosin staining. Furthermore, immunohistochemical staining of the coronal sections of pup's brain showed significant (P < 0.001) reduction in cortical radial thickness and total neural count in group II and III as compared to group I. Therefore, the prenatal exposure to pyriproxyfen provoked the damage to various organs in mice offspring and an increase in fetal death at higher doses.

Ameliorative effect of avocado oil against lufenuron induced testicular damage and infertility in male rats

“…This study found that lufenuron reduced male body weight in rats compared to the control group. It is in conformity with Basal et al (2020) observation of a reduction in the body mass of female rats subjected to lufenuron and Shahid and Saher (2020) observation that a pregnant mouse was exposed to pyriproxyfen had significantly less body weight gain.…”

Delayed in sensorimotor reflex ontogeny, slow physical growth, and impairments in behaviour as well as dopaminergic neuronal death in mice offspring following prenatally rotenone administration

“…Our results are consistent with other published data where body weight was found to impair when mice were prenatally treated with pesticide (Guo et al, 2018; Syed et al, 2016) and slow physical growth of litter was observed when female pregnant rats were repeatedly exposed to pyriproxyfen (Shahid & Saher, 2020). A study has also shown that the administration of rotenone in the dams reported that treatment of rotenone in the dams reduced the body weight of the fetus and placental weight (Krishna & Muralidhara, 2018).…”

Histopathological and Behavioral Impairments in Zebrafish (Danio rerio) Chronically Exposed to a Cocktail of Fipronil and Pyriproxyfen

“…Exposure to 1.66 µg mL −1 PYR for 96 h caused significant alterations in zebrafish heart anatomy, including heart muscle thinning, hyperemia, and pericardial edema [ 40 ]. The influence of PYR at the histological level was also demonstrated in female mice after the administration of 30, 100, 300, and 1000 mg kg −1 which led to an increase in the number of glial cells, vacuolization, and degenerated neurons [ 41 ].…”