Repeated injections with dexamethasone in healthy lactating sows and the effect on growth rate of their suckling piglets

Norby, Bo; Straw, Barbara E.; Bartlett, Paul C.; Meyers, Kenneth M.

doi:10.4141/a01-033

Cited by 2 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…As for the IM administration of both dexamethasone and vitamin E/Se combination in our study at the first 3 days of life, the use of dexamethasone could improve the growth of LBW piglets due to its beneficial effects on their digestive capability, metabolism, and reaction to stress [ 29 , 33 , 51 ]. In a recent study, it was reported that the use of dexamethasone in piglets infected by highly pathogenic PRRSV (HP-PRRSV) increases the disease severity and should be avoided in the clinical treatment of HP-PRRS [ 52 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Glucocorticoids play an important role in intestinal maturation and function [ 29 ], in the regulation of prenatal and postnatal growth [ 30 ], metabolism [ 31 ], and homeostasis [ 32 ]. Furthermore, studies suggest that the surge in glucocorticoids, which are related to the natural birth process, is a significant mediator of postnatal development and growth in viviparous animals [ 33 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of Injectable Administration of Dexamethasone Alone or in Combination with Vitamin E/Se in Newborn Low Birth Weight Piglets

Παπακωνσταντίνου

Gougoulis

Voulgarakis

et al. 2023

Veterinary Sciences

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Increasing litter size may lead to low-birth-weight piglets (LBW) and further negative long-term effects. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of intramuscular administration (IM) of dexamethasone (Dexa) alone or in combination with vitamin E/Se on LBW piglets during the early postnatal period. The study included a total of 100 LBW piglets that were divided into 5 groups (20 LBW piglets per group) and treated with IM Dexa alone or in combination with vitamin E/Se (Vit E/Se) after birth as follows: (a) Group A-Cont: Control group, (b) Group B-Dexa1: Dexa on D1 (1st day of life), (c) Group C-Dexa3: Dexa on D1, D2, D3 (D2: 2nd day of life, D3: 3rd day of life), (d) Group D-Dexa + VitE/S1: Dexa + Vit E/Se on D1, and (e) Group E-Dexa + VitE/S3: Dexa + Vit E/Se (IM) on D1, D2, D3. Body weight (BW) and the Average Daily Weight Gain (ADWG) were recorded for all piglets on days 1, 7, 14, and 25, and vitality score (VS) was recorded on days 1, 2, 3, 4, and 14. A significant increase in BW and ADWG in Group E-Dexa + VitE/S3 and a significant reduction in Group C-Dexa3 were noticed in comparison to other groups. VS in groups Group B-Dexa1 and Group C-Dexa3 were significantly lower in comparison to other groups. Furthermore, piglets of Group C-Dexa3 had a significantly higher frequency of clinical findings compared to other groups. In conclusion, the administration of Dexa and vitamin E/Se combined after the birth of LBW piglets for 1–3 days has beneficial effects on their growth and survival scores.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Injectable Administration of Dexamethasone Alone or in Combination with Vitamin E/Se in Newborn Low Birth Weight Piglets

Παπακωνσταντίνου

Gougoulis

Voulgarakis

et al. 2023

Veterinary Sciences

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“…Prolactin, glucocorticoids, and insulin are necessary for inducing milk protein synthesis in mammary explant culture studies in rats (Bolander et al, 1981;Kulski et al, 1983), and administration of GH increases milk yield in dairy cows (Bauman, 1999;Yang et al, 2005). In contrast, treatment of sows with any of these hormones does not improve milk synthesis or litter growth during lactation, and the reasons are unknown (Farmer et al, 1999;Norby et al, 2001). Hormone activity in the porcine mammary gland may depend on the availability of hormone receptors, which is partially controlled by their transcription rates (Alberts et al, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcript abundance of hormone receptors, mammalian target of rapamycin pathway-related kinases, insulin-like growth factor I, and milk proteins in porcine mammary tissue1

Manjarín

Steibel

Kirkwood

et al. 2012

Journal of Animal Science

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Prolactin, glucocorticoids, and insulin are commonly used to induce milk protein synthesis in bovine mammary cell cultures. In addition, administration of GH increases milk yield in dairy cows, likely via the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway and IGF-I synthesis. As such, the hypothesis of this study was that mRNA abundance of hormone receptors, mammalian target of mTOR pathway-related kinases, IGF-I, and milk protein-encoding genes increases in the porcine mammary gland in response to greater lactation demand. Selected genes included those encoding for receptors of GH (GHR), insulin (INSR), glucocorticoid (NR3C1), prolactin (PRLR), IGF-I (IGF-I), mTOR (FRAP1), and p70S6 kinases (RPS6KB1), and the milk proteins α-lactalbumin (LALBA) and β-casein (CSN2). Mammary tissue was biopsied from 4 sows on d 110 of gestation (prepartum), d 5 and 17 of lactation, and d 5 after weaning (postweaning), and gene expression was quantified by reverse-transcription quantitative PCR. Compared with prepartum, d 5 of lactation increased (P < 0.001) NR3C1, tended to increase (P = 0.06) GHR, and decreased (P < 0.001) PRLR mRNA abundance. Compared with d 5 of lactation, d 17 of lactation increased PRLR (P < 0.001) and decreased GHR (P < 0.01). Expression of INR and FRAP1 did not differ when comparing either prepartum or d 17 of lactation with d 5 of lactation. Compared with d 17 of lactation, postweaning decreased (P < 0.001) PRLR, did not affect INSR, and increased both IGF-I and GHR (P < 0.05) mRNA abundance. From prepartum to d 17 of lactation, NR3C1 mRNA abundance was positively correlated with CSN2 (r = 0.85; P < 0.001) and LALBA mRNA abundance (r = 0.79; P = 0.002), whereas mRNA abundance of GHR tended to be positively correlated with that of IGF-I (r = 0.46; P = 0.06). In conclusion, expression of the genes NR3C1, PRLR, GHR, and IGF-I changed in the porcine mammary gland during the prepartum to postweaning periods, but only NR3C1 mRNA abundance was positively correlated with expression of CSN2 and LALBA.

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Repeated injections with dexamethasone in healthy lactating sows and the effect on growth rate of their suckling piglets

Cited by 2 publications

References 9 publications

Effects of Injectable Administration of Dexamethasone Alone or in Combination with Vitamin E/Se in Newborn Low Birth Weight Piglets

Effects of Injectable Administration of Dexamethasone Alone or in Combination with Vitamin E/Se in Newborn Low Birth Weight Piglets

Transcript abundance of hormone receptors, mammalian target of rapamycin pathway-related kinases, insulin-like growth factor I, and milk proteins in porcine mammary tissue1

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