Repeated measurements of energy intake, energy expenditure and energy balance in lactating Bangladeshi mothers

Vinoy, Sophie; Rosetta, Lyliane; Mascie‐Taylor, C. G. N.

doi:10.1038/sj.ejcn.1601060

Cited by 31 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…This means that, if other sources of energy were not available, women would undergo a negative energy balance. Our observation is supported by a recent study in a small number of malnourished Bangladeshi women, which reported a negative energy balance at 3 and 10 months of lactation (Vinoy et al, 2000).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Energy stress during pregnancy and lactation: consequences for maternal nutrition in rural Bangladesh

et al. 2003

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Objective: To assess the relationship of energy stress during pregnancy and lactation to maternal body stores in marginally nourished rural Bangladeshi women. Subjects and methods: Two-hundred and fifty-two women were followed from 5 -7 months of pregnancy until 6 months postpartum. Energy intake was estimated during pregnancy and at 1, 3 and 6 month(s) postpartum using 24 h dietary recall. Body weight was measured on enrollment, another once or twice during pregnancy, and at 1, 3 and 6 month(s) postpartum. The weekly rates of pregnancy weight gain and postpartum weight changes were determined. Weight and length of the infants were measured at birth and at approximately 1, 3 and 6 month(s). Results: Maternal energy intake at 5 -7 months of gestation was 1464 AE 416 kcal=day (mean AE s.d.). Women gained a mean of 200 g=week or a total of 4 kg during the second half of pregnancy. An analysis of maternal weight showed no indication of accrual of fat stores during pregnancy. Dietary energy during lactation exceeded the intake during pregnancy by 248 -354 kcal=day. Mothers lost an estimated average of 1 kg of weight during the first 6 months of lactation. The mean ( AE s.d.) birth weight was 2.55 AE 0.38 kg, and the prevalence of low birth weight ( < 2500 g) was 48%. Infants exhibited some catch-up growth only during the first 3 months but overall growth during the first 6 months did not change from their relative status at birth when compared with NCHS reference. Conclusions: These rural Bangladeshi women failed to gain sufficient weight during the last half of pregnancy to maintain body weight during lactation when the energy demand is high. Poor growth of their primarily breastfed infants raises concern about the adequacy of lactation in this community.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Energy stress during pregnancy and lactation: consequences for maternal nutrition in rural Bangladesh

et al. 2003

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“…Two others, a study of poor rural women in Guatemala (Schutz et al, 1980) and one among tea pluckers in Bangladesh (Vinoy et al, 2000), found that the women relied upon their fat stores rather than increasing their energy intake. The third potential strategy, a reduction in physical activity, has not been demonstrated in any of the studies that considered all aspects of energy balance, but has been reported in studies with a more limited focus: the early postpartum period among Gambian women (Roberts et al, 1982) and the non-monsoon season among Nepalese women (Panter-Brick, 1993).…”

mentioning

confidence: 98%

Diet, energy expenditure, and body composition of lactating Ribeirinha women in the brazilian amazon

Piperata

Dufour

2007

American J Hum Biol

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Lactation is the most energetically demanding part of human reproduction; yet, compared with pregnancy, we know little about the strategies women in different settings employ to cope with these increased energy demands. This paper takes a biocultural approach and reports longitudinal data on the anthropometry, dietary intakes and energy expenditure of a sample of 23 rural, lactating Ribeirinha women living in subsistence-based communities in the eastern Amazon. The dietary intakes of these lactating women were insufficient to meet their lactating energy needs and were least sufficient during resguardo, a 40-day period in the immediate postpartum when the women observed a series of food taboos and work restrictions. Instead, the women in this study met the increased energy demands of lactation by drawing on their energy reserves and reducing their energy expenditure in physical activity. The women showed a significant reduction in weight (P<0.001), BMI (P<0.001) and in circumferences (hip, P=0.01; waist, P=0.03) and skinfolds (thigh, P=0.03) in the gluteal femoral region. Total daily energy expenditure (TDEE) was lowest during resguardo and increased as lactation progressed (P=0.01). While the practice of resguardo reduced maternal energy expenditure and allowed women more time to spend with their newborn infants, it came at a cost (low dietary intake), which appears to be related to the loss of the adult woman from subsistence activities. By taking a biocultural approach this study illustrates the role the social environment plays in shaping the experience of lactating women.

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“…Some studies have not found any association (Dugdale and Eaton, 1989;Chou et al, 1999). Others have reported postpartum weight gain (Valleggia and Ellison, 2003), while some showed a significant loss in weight in lactating women during the postpartum period (Dewey et al, 1993;Barbosa et al, 1997;Vinoy et al, 2000). This has to be evaluated in the Nigerian context.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The energy cost of lactation is generally considered to represent a substantial drain on maternal nutritional metabolism (Lunn, 1996). The energy demand during lactation is usually met through various strategies which include increasing energy intake, mobilization of fat from maternal reserve developed during pregnancy and energy sparing through reduced physical activity (Sardurski et al, 1988;Van Raaij et al, 1991;Vinoy et al, 2000;Lunn 2004). The available evidence about lactation shows that in malnourished mothers, the quality and quantity of breast milk is preserved at the expense of maternal health (Prentice et al, 1983).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Body composition changes among lactating mothers In Abia State, Nigeria

Ukegbu¹,

Uwaegbute²

2012

AJFN

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The study was carried out to evaluate body composition changes among nursing mothers in relation to their breastfeeding pattern. This prospective study was carried out at Federal Medical Centre, Umuahia, Abia State, Nigeria. A total of 213 mothers were recruited consecutively during BCG immunization of their babies aged 0-7 days. At recruitment, the mothers were classified into exclusive and nonexclusive breastfeeding (EBF and NEBF) groups. Maternal body weight, height, arm circumference and skinfold measurements were taken. Body fat (kg and %) and lean body mass (LBM) were calculated from predicted equations. These measurements were repeated during follow up visits at 6, 14 and 24 weeks. Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 13. There was no significant difference in anthropometric and body composition parameters between mothers in the EBF and NEBF groups throughout the period (p>0.05). Significant changes occurred in arm circumference, triceps, percentage of body fat and lean body mass among the EBF group over the period (P< 0.05). The mothers in both groups were overweight (BMI>25kg/m 2 ) throughout the study period. Initial weight and body fat (kg) loss occurred in both groups at 6 weeks, thereafter, there was progressive weight and body fat gain up to the 14 th week, after which a slight decline occurred. LBM loss was higher in EBF (0.43kg/month) compared to the NEBF group (0.16kg/month) over the study period. Irrespective of the breastfeeding pattern, this study revealed that there was no significant difference in body composition changes between EBF and NEBF mothers.

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Repeated measurements of energy intake, energy expenditure and energy balance in lactating Bangladeshi mothers

Cited by 31 publications

References 31 publications

Energy stress during pregnancy and lactation: consequences for maternal nutrition in rural Bangladesh

Energy stress during pregnancy and lactation: consequences for maternal nutrition in rural Bangladesh

Diet, energy expenditure, and body composition of lactating Ribeirinha women in the brazilian amazon

Body composition changes among lactating mothers In Abia State, Nigeria

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