Repetitive Negative Thinking Processes Account for Gender Differences in Depression and Anxiety During Adolescence

Espinosa, Fabiola; Martín-Romero, Nuria; Sánchez-López, Álvaro

doi:10.1007/s41811-022-00133-1

Cited by 15 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 71 publications

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“…Rumination levels about COVID-19 were higher in women. These results are consistent with other research that analyzes the relationship between rumination and gender differences [ 13 , 14 , 15 ]. Similarly, women presented a greater perception of vulnerability to the disease than men.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…Researchhasshown that there are gender differences in the levels of ruminant thoughts, being higher in women than in men [ 13 ], and that these repetitive negative thoughts are related to depression and anxiety during adolescence [ 14 ]. In addition, an investigation [ 15 ] documented that more women use rumination as a strategy of emotional regulation in learning.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Perception of Vulnerability and Ruminant Thoughts about COVID-19 in Spanish Students

Figueredo

García-Ael

Topa

2022

EJIHPE

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The current situation in schools in relation to COVID-19 can generate a decrease in academic performance due to factors intrinsic to students. Therefore, rumination about COVID-19 could interfere with students’ attention, resulting in a decrease in their academic performance. Therefore, the objective of this study was to explore the relationship between the perception of vulnerability to the disease and rumination about COVID-19 from a cross-sectional sample of post-compulsory education students. The differences in the perception of vulnerability to disease and rumination in different groups were analyzed, separated by gender. Our data suggest a positive relationship between the perception of vulnerability to the disease and ruminants’ thoughts about COVID-19 (r = 0.29). Gender differences are significant, with women having higher scores than men in both variables.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perception of Vulnerability and Ruminant Thoughts about COVID-19 in Spanish Students

Figueredo

García-Ael

Topa

2022

EJIHPE

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“…Additionally, the relatively small sample size precluded examination of subgroup differences by gender and sexual identity. Consistent gender differences have been observed such that women are more likely to engage in repetitive thinking than men (Johnson & Whisman, 2013), and this difference has been theorized to explain gender differences in rates of internalizing psychopathology (Espinosa et al, 2022;Nolen-Hoeksema et al, 1999). Although such gender differences have not been observed for sexual orientation rumination (Galupo & Bauerband, 2016), further research is needed to clarify whether sexual orientation rumination differentially predicts mental health by gender.…”

Section: Limitations and Future Directionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Minority stress, repetitive negative thinking, and internalizing symptoms in sexual minorites: Does cognitive content matter?

2023

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Background The Psychological Mediation Framework theorizes that repetitive negative thinking (RNT) mediates the relationship between minority stress and mental health, and this theory has been consistently supported by previous research. Yet, it is unclear whether the process or content of RNT is more important in the development of internalizing symptoms in sexual minorities. Consequently, the goal of the current study was to use structural equation modeling to determine whether there are significant indirect effects of repetitive negative thought content in the relationship between minority stress and internalizing psychopathology. Methods Measures of RNT, internalizing symptoms, and proximal minority stress were completed online by 205 cisgender sexual minority adults. Structural equation modeling was used to examine indirect effects of proximal stress on internalizing symptoms through content‐independent RNT, depressive rumination, and sexual orientation‐related rumination. Results Significant direct effects of proximal minority stress on internalizing symptoms were observed. Indirect effects of proximal stress on internalizing symptoms were observed for content‐independent RNT and depressive rumination, but not sexual orientation‐related rumination. Conclusions The current study provides evidence that the process and affective valence of RNT contributes more to internalizing symptoms in sexual minorities when compared with sexual orientation‐related content. Theoretical and clinical implications are discussed.

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“…Rumination, a repetitive, negative, and persistent thinking about one's distress and its potential causes and consequences, is a cognitive vulnerability that can exacerbate and maintain symptoms of depression and anxiety (8,9).…”

Section: Introduction Ody Dysmorphic Disorder (Bdd) Is Characterized Bymentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effectiveness of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy on Rumination, and Quality of Life among Girls with Body Dysmorphic Symptoms

Hashemi Salehi,

Aleyasin

2024

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The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) in reducing rumination and enhancing quality of life among girls diagnosed with Body Dysmorphic Disorder (BDD). This randomized controlled trial involved 60 participants, diagnosed with BDD, who were recruited from the Pouyesh Clinic in Tehran in 2023. Participants were randomly assigned to either a CBT intervention group or a control group, with each group comprising 30 participants. The intervention consisted of ten 75-minute sessions of CBT specifically tailored to address rumination and improve quality of life. Data were collected at baseline, immediately post-intervention, and at a three-month follow-up, and analyzed using Analysis of Variance with Repeated Measurements and Bonferroni post-hoc tests. The CBT intervention led to a significant reduction in rumination, with mean scores decreasing from 18.45 (SD = 3.52) pre-treatment to 13.67 (SD = 3.01) post-treatment, and slightly rising to 14.22 (SD = 2.86) at follow-up. Quality of life significantly improved, increasing from a mean of 42.58 (SD = 4.45) pre-treatment to 49.73 (SD = 4.12) post-treatment, with a slight reduction at follow-up to 48.89 (SD = 3.98). Statistical analysis confirmed significant time effects (F(2, 116) = 19.45, p < 0.001, η² = 0.15) and time × group interaction effects (F(2, 116) = 11.58, p < 0.001, η² = 0.10). The findings suggest that CBT is effective in significantly reducing rumination and improving quality of life among girls with BDD. The intervention showed durability of effects at a three-month follow-up, indicating its potential for long-term benefits. These results support the incorporation of CBT into treatment protocols for BDD to address specific cognitive processes and enhance overall well-being.

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Repetitive Negative Thinking Processes Account for Gender Differences in Depression and Anxiety During Adolescence

Cited by 15 publications

References 71 publications

Perception of Vulnerability and Ruminant Thoughts about COVID-19 in Spanish Students

Perception of Vulnerability and Ruminant Thoughts about COVID-19 in Spanish Students

Minority stress, repetitive negative thinking, and internalizing symptoms in sexual minorites: Does cognitive content matter?

The Effectiveness of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy on Rumination, and Quality of Life among Girls with Body Dysmorphic Symptoms

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