Replacement of Fish Meal with Bambara Nut Waste Meal in the Diets of Larval African Catfish Clarias gariepinus Burchell (1822)

Enyidi, Uchechukwu; Mgbenka, Bernard Obialo

doi:10.9734/bjast/2015/12886

Cited by 11 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…However, Enyidi and Mgbenka [6] reported phytic acid content of BNM to be 0.84 g 100 g −1 . The amount of phytic acid in BNM is very low when compared to e.g., the level in SBM (1.3-1.9 g/100 g, [33].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Effect of Feed Protein:Lipid Ratio on Growth Parameters of African Catfish Clarias gariepinus after Fish Meal Substitution in the Diet with Bambaranut (Voandzeia subterranea) Meal and Soybean (Glycine max) Meal

Enyidi

Pirhonen

Kettunen

et al. 2017

Fishes

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Fishmeal (FM) was substituted with soybean meal (Glycine max) (SBM) and bambaranut meal (Voandzeia subterranea) (BNM) in 10 experimental African catfish, Clarias gariepinus, diets. Feed formulation was designed using mixture model. The inclusion level of the three protein ingredients varied between 0% and 60%. Remaining 40% comprised of basal ingredients kept constant for all 10 feeds. African catfish of average initial weight 35.2 ± 0.9 g were fed with one of the treatment diets for 28 days. The protein:lipid ratios of the diets (range 1.5-3.4:1) were used in evaluating the feed utilization and growth of the fish. We found that catfish performances were mainly depending on ingredients and not the ratio itself. The protein:lipid ratios in the diets made of plant ingredients were high but SGR was low. Specific growth rate (SGR) increased with the increase of feed FM content, being ca. 5% day −1 with 60% FM diet but ca. 2% day −1 at both 60% BNM and 60% SBM diets. SGR was similar (3.5% day −1 ) with diets of 30% BNM or SBM inclusion with 30% FM. Feed conversion ratio increased from below 0.6 of the 60% FM diet up to 1.5 (60% SBM) and 1.7 (60% BNM). Protein efficiency ratio decreased linearly with increasing FM substitution, but protein productive value (PPV) was similar for catfish fed 60% FM diet and its 50% substitution with BNM or SBM. These results suggest that protein:lipid ratio cannot be used in assessing nutritional performance if the source of feed ingredient vary widely. However, these results suggest that BNM can partly substitute FM and completely replace SBM in the diets of African catfish.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Effect of Feed Protein:Lipid Ratio on Growth Parameters of African Catfish Clarias gariepinus after Fish Meal Substitution in the Diet with Bambaranut (Voandzeia subterranea) Meal and Soybean (Glycine max) Meal

Enyidi

Pirhonen

Kettunen

et al. 2017

Fishes

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“…As a result, there has been a growing interest to replace/ reduce the inclusion level of wheat flour using less expensive, unconventional and locally available carbohydrate source in order to minimize the formulated feed cost [27]. Among such underutilized but nutritionally efficient feedstuff, interest in using bambara groundnut product has grown tremendously [13] [23] [24]. Our observations from the current experiment showed a superior nutrient profile (crude protein and crude lipid) of bambara groundnut meal compared to wheat flour, corn starch and dextrin (table 2).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Further, the essential and critical amino acid profile of bambara groundnut such as lysine 6.82g/16gN, methionine 1.85g/16gN and cysteine 1.24g/16gN,compare favorably to that of major plant feed stuff soybean meal (6.24g/16gN lysine, 1.14g/16gN methionine and 1.80g/16gN cysteine) [20] [22]. Worthy to note that,in the context of nutritionally balanced and cost effective feed formulation in aquaculture, interest in the use of bambara groundnut meal has been growing recently [13,20,23,24]. However, limited and scattered information on bambara groundnut product as the energy/ carbohydrate source, has restricted their utilization in commercial fish feed formulation.…”

Section: Issn: 2638-2210mentioning

confidence: 99%

Preliminary study to evaluate the efficacy of bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea(L.) Verdc.) meal as the dietary carbohydrate source in nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus

Katya¹,

Borsra²,

Kuppusamy³

et al. 2017

Madridge J Aquac Res Dev

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The present experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of bambara groundnut meal (BGM) as the dietary carbohydrate source and as an alternative of dietary wheat flour in nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus. Results from the nutrient profile analysis of various carbohydrate ingredients showed, higher crude protein and lipid content in bambara groundnut meal followed by wheat flour, dextrin and corn starch. Whereas, dextrin was found to content lower amount of moisture compared to bambara groundnut meal, wheat flour and dextrin. Four isonitrogeonus and isocaloric diets were formulated to replace wheat flour using bambara groundnut meal at 0 (CON), 25 (BGM 25 ), 50 (BGM 50 ), and 100% (BGM 100 ). Nile tilapia fish individual initial weight averaging 20±0.5 g (mean ± standard deviation) were fed one of the four experimental diets at 2~3% of body weight per day for eight weeks. At the end of the experiment, there were no significant differences in the average weight gain (WG) and specific growth rate (SGR) among the group of fish fed Control, BGM 25 and BGM 50 diets (P < 0.05). However, WG and SGR of fish fed BGM 100 diet was significantly lower than that of fish fed BGM 25 diet (P < 0.05). Crude protein and crude lipid content in the fish whole body proximate composition was not much affected by the BGM inclusion as a carbohydrate source. Therefore, the overall observations from the current experiment may suggest the potential of bambara groundnut meal as the carbohydrate ingredient in omnivorous fish diets. The optimum replacement level of wheat flour using bambara groundnut meal could be greater than 50 but less than 100% of diet in nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus.

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“…Many studies have shown considerable success in partial or total replacement of dietary FM with plant protein (PP) sources for various marine fish species during the on-growing phase (Hernández et al, 2007;Salze et al, 2010;Moxley et al, 2014;Yaghoubi et al, 2016;Lazzarotto et al, 2018;Kotzamanis et al, 2018 among others). However, there exist few studies addressing this issue at younger stages of development and how these feeding strategies affect their performance, digestive capacities and nutritional condition (El-Saidy and Gaber, 2003;Enyidi and Mgbenka, 2015;Gisbert et al, 2016;Swanepoel and Goosen, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Weaning European glass eels (Anguilla anguilla) with plant protein-based diets and its effects on intestinal maturation

Gisbert

Mozanzadeh

2019

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A: Molecular &

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Weaning glass eels with compound diets (36% proteins, 16% lipids) differing in their fishmeal (FM) level (50, 75 and 100% FM replaced by a blend of plant proteins, PP) was compared to a group fed cod roe. Weaning lasted for 20 days and then, eels were fed compound diets for 70 days, whereas the other group was only fed cod roe (90 days). Diets were tested with four replicates and evaluated in terms of growth, survival, glass eels metamorphosis into elvers, oxidative stress status and activity of digestive enzymes. Although glass eels are fed with fish roe and progressively weaned onto compound diets, results revealed that this strategy should not be prolonged for a long time, since 2 feeding glass eels with cod roe for 90 days negatively affected their growth (2 times lower than fish fed compound diets), delayed their metamorphosis, as well as the maturation of their digestive function as the ratio of alkaline phosphatase and leucine-alanine peptidase indicated. Weaning glass eels onto compound diets differing in their FM levels did not affect their growth, metamorphic stage nor the activity of pancreatic enzymes (total alkaline proteases, trypsin, bile salt-activated lipase and α-amylase), although 75% FM replacement by PP sources delayed the level of intestinal maturation in eels. In comparison to glass eels fed the 100% FM diet, survival was negatively affected in groups fed diets with 50 and 75% FM replacement by PP ingredients, which indicated that further improvement is needed in diet formulation for this stage of development.

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Replacement of Fish Meal with Bambara Nut Waste Meal in the Diets of Larval African Catfish Clarias gariepinus Burchell (1822)

Cited by 11 publications

References 16 publications

Effect of Feed Protein:Lipid Ratio on Growth Parameters of African Catfish Clarias gariepinus after Fish Meal Substitution in the Diet with Bambaranut (Voandzeia subterranea) Meal and Soybean (Glycine max) Meal

Effect of Feed Protein:Lipid Ratio on Growth Parameters of African Catfish Clarias gariepinus after Fish Meal Substitution in the Diet with Bambaranut (Voandzeia subterranea) Meal and Soybean (Glycine max) Meal

Preliminary study to evaluate the efficacy of bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea(L.) Verdc.) meal as the dietary carbohydrate source in nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus

Weaning European glass eels (Anguilla anguilla) with plant protein-based diets and its effects on intestinal maturation

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