Replacing a Century Old Technique – Modern Spectroscopy Can Supplant Gram Staining

Berezin, Shirly; Aviv, Yaron; Aviv, Hagit; Goldberg, Elad; Tischler, Yaakov R.

doi:10.1038/s41598-017-02212-2

Cited by 19 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Improves lateral spatial resolution to as low as 10 nm, about the diameter of the tip probe. Achieves single molecule detection and discrimination of bacterial pathogens [167,168].…”

Section: Tip-enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (Ters)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancing Disease Diagnosis: Biomedical Applications of Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering

et al. 2019

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Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) has recently gained increasing attention for the detection of trace quantities of biomolecules due to its excellent molecular specificity, ultrasensitivity, and quantitative multiplex ability. Specific single or multiple biomarkers in complex biological environments generate strong and distinct SERS spectral signals when they are in the vicinity of optically active nanoparticles (NPs). When multivariate chemometrics are applied to decipher underlying biomarker patterns, SERS provides qualitative and quantitative information on the inherent biochemical composition and properties that may be indicative of healthy or diseased states. Moreover, SERS allows for differentiation among many closely-related causative agents of diseases exhibiting similar symptoms to guide early prescription of appropriate, targeted and individualised therapeutics. This review provides an overview of recent progress made by the application of SERS in the diagnosis of cancers, microbial and respiratory infections. It is envisaged that recent technology development will help realise full benefits of SERS to gain deeper insights into the pathological pathways for various diseases at the molecular level.

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“…Improves lateral spatial resolution to as low as 10 nm, about the diameter of the tip probe. Achieves single molecule detection and discrimination of bacterial pathogens [167,168].…”

Section: Tip-enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (Ters)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancing Disease Diagnosis: Biomedical Applications of Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering

et al. 2019

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“…This provides additional opportunities to explain the signals detected. Peaks at ~1300 cm −1 , ~1400 cm −1 , and ~1650 cm −1 have also been associated with the thick outer peptidoglycan layer of gram-positive bacteria 52 , 59 . The B. Subtilis spectra in Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…SERS has previously been shown as a valuable tool in characterizing gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria 50 , 51 . While bacterial discrimination has also been shown recently with tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (TERS), our technique does not require a complicated scanning probe 52 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Chemically imaging bacteria with super-resolution SERS on ultra-thin silver substrates

Olson

Spies

Browning

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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Plasmonic hotspots generate a blinking Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS) effect that can be processed using Stochastic Optical Reconstruction Microscopy (STORM) algorithms for super-resolved imaging. Furthermore, by imaging through a diffraction grating, STORM algorithms can be modified to extract a full SERS spectrum, thereby capturing spectral as well as spatial content simultaneously. Here we demonstrate SERS and STORM combined in this way for super-resolved chemical imaging using an ultra-thin silver substrate. Images of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria taken with this technique show excellent agreement with scanning electron microscope images, high spatial resolution at <50 nm, and spectral SERS content that can be correlated to different regions. This may be used to identify unique chemical signatures of various cells. Finally, because we image through as-deposited, ultra-thin silver films, this technique requires no nanofabrication beyond a single deposition and looks at the cell samples from below. This allows direct imaging of the cell/substrate interface of thick specimens or imaging samples in turbid or opaque liquids since the optical path doesn’t pass through the sample. These results show promise that super-resolution chemical imaging may be used to differentiate chemical signatures from cells and could be applied to other biological structures of interest.

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“…The reason of the phenomenon that Bio-Kil-treated textiles had stronger bactericidal efficacy in Gram-positive bacteria might be associated with the difference of cell wall structure for Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Gram-positive bacteria has a single-lipid membrane surrounded by a thick layer of cell wall (30–100 nm) composed of peptidoglycan, while the cell wall of Gram-negative bacteria consists of a thin layer of peptidoglycan (2–10 nm) and an outer membrane which contains lipid bilayers and lipopolysaccharides on its outer surface [ 19 ]. Since Bio-Kil molecules implement its bactericidal function through damaging the membrane structure of microorganisms with its electrical charge, it could be postulated that the out membrane structure of Gram-negative bacteria might produce certain impairment in the bacterial killing activity of Bio-Kil nanotechnology.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insoles Treated with Bacteria-Killing Nanotechnology Bio-Kil Reduce Bacterial Burden in Diabetic Patients and Healthy Controls

Guo

et al. 2018

Journal of Diabetes Research

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Our study investigated the effectiveness of bacteria-killing nanotechnology Bio-Kil socks on bacterial burden reduction in diabetic patients and healthy individuals. Four strains of S. aureus and four strains of E. coli were cultured and dropped on Bio-Kil socks and control socks for 0 h, 8 h, and 48 h of incubation. Diluted samples were inoculated and bacterial counts were recorded. Additionally, 31 patients with type 2 diabetes and 31 healthy controls were assigned to wear one Bio-Kil sock on one foot and a control sock on the other for four hours, and then they were told to exchange socks from one foot to the other for four hours. The socks were sampled and diluted and then inoculated to record bacterial counts. Bacterial counts were reduced in Bio-Kil socks compared with control socks in all S. aureus strains after 0 h, 8 h, and 48 h of incubation. In E. coli strains, bacterial counts declined in Bio-Kil socks comparing with control socks in most of the experiments with ESBL-negative E. coli and ATCC35218 at 0 h and 48 h of incubation. In all participants, the mean bacterial counts significantly decreased in Bio-Kil socks in comparison with control socks both at 0 h and at 40 h of incubation (p = 0.003 at 0 h and p = 0.006 at 40 h). Bio-Kil socks from diabetic patients showed significantly lessened bacterial count at 40 h of incubation (p = 0.003). In healthy individuals, Bio-Kil socks reflected a significantly smaller mean bacterial count than control socks (p = 0.016). Socks using Bio-Kil nanotechnology efficiently reduce bacterial counts in both diabetic patients and healthy individuals and might exert stronger efficacy in Gram-positive bacteria.

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Replacing a Century Old Technique – Modern Spectroscopy Can Supplant Gram Staining

Cited by 19 publications

References 43 publications

Enhancing Disease Diagnosis: Biomedical Applications of Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering

Enhancing Disease Diagnosis: Biomedical Applications of Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering

Chemically imaging bacteria with super-resolution SERS on ultra-thin silver substrates

Insoles Treated with Bacteria-Killing Nanotechnology Bio-Kil Reduce Bacterial Burden in Diabetic Patients and Healthy Controls

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