Replacing ineffective early alcohol/drug education in the United States with age‐appropriate adolescent programmes and assistance to problematic users

Skager, Rodney

doi:10.1080/09595230701613569

Cited by 19 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Second, among participants in our setting, crack is often used by individuals later in their drug use careers (Fast et al, 2010), while crystal methamphetamine has been shown to be associated with younger and less experienced drug users (Fairbairn et al, 2007; Wood et al, 2008; Wood et al, 2006). This is consistent with the small association between older age and willingness to cease selling drugs that we observed and suggests that inexperienced individuals may be less likely to leave the drug trade (Fast et al, 2009; Mayock, 2005; Skager, 2007; West and O’Neal, 2004; Degenhardt et al, 2008; Wagner and Sundar, 2008). …”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Drug dealing cessation among a cohort of drug users in Vancouver, Canada

Werb

Bouchard

Shoveller

et al. 2011

Drug and Alcohol Dependence

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Introduction Drug dealing among drug users has been associated with elevated risk-taking and negative health outcomes. However, little is known about the cessation of drug dealing among this population. Methods We assessed time to cessation of drug dealing using Cox regression. We also used generalized estimation equation (GEE) analysis and chi-square analysis to examine factors associated with willingness to cease drug dealing. Results In total, 868 participants reported drug dealing between November 2005 and March 2009. Among 381 participants dealing drugs at baseline, 194 (51%) ceased dealing. Incidence of dealing cessation was positively associated with spending less than $50 per day on drugs (Adjusted Hazard Ratio [AHR] = 1.88, 95% Confidence Interval [CI]: 1.14 - 3.10) and negatively associated with buying drugs from the same source (AHR = 0.60, 95% CI: 0.37 - 0.98). In a GEE analysis, willingness to cease dealing was positively associated with older age (Adjusted Odds Ratio [AOR] = 1.02, 95% CI: 1.01 - 1.03), crack use (AOR = 2.00, 95% CI: 1.44 - 2.79), public injecting (AOR = 1.95, 95% CI: 1.55 - 2.43), and reporting that police presence affects drug purchases (AOR = 1.53, 95% CI: 1.22 - 1.91), and negatively associated with crystal methamphetamine injection (AOR = 0.62, 95% CI: 0.47 - 0.83). Discussion Intensity of drug use and acquisition method were predictive of dealing cessation. Willingness to cease dealing was associated with a range of risky drug-related activities. Interventions to reduce drug dealing should be conceived in tandem with addiction treatment strategies.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Drug dealing cessation among a cohort of drug users in Vancouver, Canada

Werb

Bouchard

Shoveller

et al. 2011

Drug and Alcohol Dependence

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“…I feel I echo the concerns of a number of researchers [5][6][7]9], who have critically examined model universal prevention programs for young people, in saying that the research base is flawed and not that useful for choosing meaningful prevention interventions. This is partly because of technical flaws in the research process, but also because of unrealistic expectations of what can be achieved by universal prevention programs.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Gandhi and colleagues [5] question whether such programs can ever substantially prevent drug use by young people, but this does not seem to spur a reappraisal of policy or practice. Skager [9] states that negative findings seem to disappear into a void rather than stimulate alternative approaches, and part of this 'paralysis of vision' (p 581) is a fixation on universal abstinence. The clear and immediate implication of this …”

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confidence: 99%

[Commentary] IS THIS THE PATH TO EFFECTIVE PREVENTION?

Midford¹

2008

Addiction

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“…D.A.R.E. has since gone through several iterations and its middling performance has sparked the development of a thorough certification process through Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA) to ensure more effective alcohol and/or drug education programs (Skager, 2007 Similar prevention and intervention programs, however, still exist today. They target young people who are perceived to be the greatest threat to communities or who are the most susceptible to get involved in the criminal justice or social services systems; these youth are deemed "at risk."…”

Section: Kids"mentioning

confidence: 99%

Social Justice Youth Work: Actualizing Youth Rights

McDaniel

2017

JYD

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This article explores models of prevention/intervention and positive youth development within the context of social justice. Both of these models seek to support young people, but they have vastly different methods and goals. The author argues that these models fall short of effectively supporting youth because they neglect to interrogate how power, privilege and oppressive forces shape a young person's identity and how that young person engages with society. Therefore, a new approach to working with youth is needed: a social justice youth work model. The author proposes this model as a means for youth and adults to work together to achieve a high quality of life in an equitable world. The paper outlines three steps to enact this approach with young people: 1. develop self-awareness within youth and adults; 2. build solidarity across differences; and 3. take action towards dismantling unjust systems. In order to do this work successfully, adults must first interrogate their own motivations for engaging in social justice work with youth.

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Replacing ineffective early alcohol/drug education in the United States with age‐appropriate adolescent programmes and assistance to problematic users

Abstract: An interactive approach at the secondary school level that incorporates an age-appropriate educational process is proposed. While advising abstinence, this approach also facilitates identifying and assisting problematic AOD users.

Cited by 19 publications

References 33 publications

Drug dealing cessation among a cohort of drug users in Vancouver, Canada

Drug dealing cessation among a cohort of drug users in Vancouver, Canada

[Commentary] IS THIS THE PATH TO EFFECTIVE PREVENTION?

Social Justice Youth Work: Actualizing Youth Rights

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