Replacing sitting with light-intensity physical activity throughout the day versus 1 bout of vigorous-intensity exercise: similar cardiometabolic health effects in multiple sclerosis. A randomised cross-over study

Nieste, Ine; Franssen, Wouter M. A.; Duvivier, Bernard M. F. M.; Spaas, Jan; Savelberg, Hans; Eijnde, Bert O.

doi:10.1080/09638288.2022.2122601

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 51 publications

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“…These results have been corroborated by other meta-analyses that have included studies investigating other types (e.g., standing still, walking, and simple resistance activities) and intensities (e.g., light, moderate and vigorous intensity) of interruptions to sitting (Cohen's d for glucose and insulin: -0.26 to -0.83 favoring intervention) (76,77,181). However, it should be noted that some original studies have not demonstrated changes in postprandial glucose and/or insulin responses following at least one of the interruptions to SB protocols (standing, simple resistance activities, LPA to VPA walking) compared to prolonged sitting (21,123,124,(182)(183)(184)(185)(186)(187)(188)(189)(190)(191)(192)(193)(194)(195)(196).…”

Section: Evidence From Acute and Multi-day Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physiology of sedentary behavior

Pinto

Dempsey

Roschel

et al. 2023

Physiological Reviews

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Sedentary behaviors (SB) are characterized by a low energy expenditure while in a sitting or reclining posture. Evidence relevant to understanding the physiology of SB can be derived from studies employing several experimental models: bed rest, immobilization, reduced step count, and reducing/interrupting prolonged SB. We examine the relevant physiological evidence relating to body weight and energy balance, intermediary metabolism, cardiovascular and respiratory systems, the musculoskeletal system, the central nervous system, and immunity and inflammatory responses. Excessive and prolonged SB can lead to insulin resistance, vascular dysfunction, shift in substrate use towards carbohydrate oxidation, shift in muscle fiber from oxidative to glycolytic type, reduced cardiorespiratory fitness, loss of muscle mass and strength, and bone mass, and increased total body fat mass and visceral fat depot, blood lipid concentrations, and inflammation. Despite marked differences across individual studies, longer-term interventions aimed at reducing/interrupting SB have resulted in small, albeit marginally clinically meaningful, benefits on body weight, waist circumference, percent body fat, fasting glucose, insulin, HbA1c and HDL concentrations, systolic blood pressure, and vascular function in adults and older adults. There is more-limited evidence on other health-related outcomes and physiological systems, and for children and adolescents. Future research should focus on the investigation of molecular and cellular mechanisms underpinning adaptations to increasing and reducing/ interrupting SB and the necessary changes in SB and physical activity to impact physiological systems and overall health in diverse population groups.

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Section: Evidence From Acute and Multi-day Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physiology of sedentary behavior

Pinto

Dempsey

Roschel

et al. 2023

Physiological Reviews

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The anti-inflammatory effects of exercise on autoimmune diseases: A 20-year systematic review

Luo,

Xiang,

et al. 2024

Journal of Sport and Health Science

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Effects of Interrupting Prolonged Sitting with Light-Intensity Physical Activity on Inflammatory and Cardiometabolic Risk Markers in Young Adults with Overweight and Obesity: Secondary Outcome Analyses of the SED-ACT Randomized Controlled Crossover Trial

Hoffmann,

Schierbauer,

Zimmermann

et al. 2024

Biomolecules

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Sedentary behavior (SB) is an essential risk factor for obesity, cardiovascular disease, and type 2 diabetes. Though certain levels of physical activity (PA) may attenuate the detrimental effects of SB, the inflammatory and cardiometabolic responses involved are still not fully understood. The focus of this secondary outcome analysis was to describe how light-intensity PA snacks (LIPASs, alternate sitting and standing, walking or standing continuously) compared with uninterrupted prolonged sitting affect inflammatory and cardiometabolic risk markers. Seventeen young adults with overweight and obesity participated in this study (eight females, 23.4 ± 3.3 years, body mass index (BMI) 29.7 ± 3.8 kg/m2, glycated hemoglobin A1C (HbA1c) 5.4 ± 0.3%, body fat 31.8 ± 8.2%). Participants were randomly assigned to the following conditions which were tested during an 8 h simulated workday: uninterrupted prolonged sitting (SIT), alternate sitting and standing (SIT-STAND, 2.5 h total standing time), continuous standing (STAND), and continuous walking (1.6 km/h; WALK). Each condition also included a standardized non-relativized breakfast and lunch. Venous blood samples were obtained in a fasted state at baseline (T0), 1 h after lunch (T1) and 8 h after baseline (T2). Inflammatory and cardiometabolic risk markers included interleukin-6 (IL-6), c-reactive protein (CRP), total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), triglycerides (TGs), visceral fat area (VFA), triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index, two lipid ratio measures, TG/HDL-C and TC/HDL-C, albumin, amylase (pancreatic), total protein, uric acid, and urea. We found significant changes in a broad range of certain inflammatory and cardiometabolic risk markers during the intervention phase for IL-6 (p = 0.014), TG (p = 0.012), TC (p = 0.017), HDL-C (p = 0.020), LDL-C (p = 0.021), albumin (p = 0.003), total protein (p = 0.021), and uric acid (p = 0.040) in favor of light-intensity walking compared with uninterrupted prolonged sitting, alternate sitting and standing, and continuous standing. We found no significant changes in CRP (p = 0.529), creatinine (p = 0.199), TyG (p = 0.331), and the lipid ratios TG/HDL-C (p = 0.793) and TC/HDL-C (p = 0.221) in response to the PA snack. During a simulated 8 h work environment replacement and interruption of prolonged sitting with light-intensity walking, significant positive effects on certain inflammatory and cardiometabolic risk markers were found in young adults with overweight and obesity.

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Replacing sitting with light-intensity physical activity throughout the day versus 1 bout of vigorous-intensity exercise: similar cardiometabolic health effects in multiple sclerosis. A randomised cross-over study

Cited by 3 publications

References 51 publications

Physiology of sedentary behavior

Physiology of sedentary behavior

The anti-inflammatory effects of exercise on autoimmune diseases: A 20-year systematic review

Effects of Interrupting Prolonged Sitting with Light-Intensity Physical Activity on Inflammatory and Cardiometabolic Risk Markers in Young Adults with Overweight and Obesity: Secondary Outcome Analyses of the SED-ACT Randomized Controlled Crossover Trial

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