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Study on electrochemical behaviors and the reaction mechanisms of dopamine and epinephrine at the pre-anodized inlaying ultrathin carbon paste electrode with nichrome as a substrate

“…Consequently, the investigation of neurotransmitters is a subject of great significance in neurophysiology, clinical diagnosis and quality control in drugs [1]. At present, a variety of methods used to determine DA and EP simultaneously includes capillary electrophoresis [2], highperformance liquid chromatography [3], flow injection [4], gas chromatography-mass spectrometry [5] and electrochemical method [6][7][8][9][10][11][12]. Except for the electrochemical method, other methods are all difficult to use in the rapid detection and determination due to complicated pretreatments.…”

“…Up to now, various chemically modified electrodes have already been applied to the analysis and determination of DA and EP, such as the poly (taurine) modified glassy carbon electrode [6], the multi-wall carbon nanotube modified electrode [7], the silver-doped poly (L-glutamic acid) modified electrode [8], the poly (L-methionine) modified glassy carbon electrode [9], the caffeic acid-modified glassy carbon electrode [10], the alpha-cyclodextrin incorporated carbon nanotube-coated electrode [11], the poly (isonicotinic acid) modified carbon paste electrode [12] and so on. Particularly, carbon paste electrodes have received increasing attention due to their often-cited advantages of easy fabrication, low cost, wide potential window, relatively inert electrochemistry, and electrocatalytic activity for a variety of redox reactions [13].…”