Water con icts arise from geostrategic factors that hide behind visible ones such as the construction of dams. In the case of the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam (GERD), it will have a signi cant impact on development in Ethiopia, but its lling has worried downstream countries about altering the ow of the Nile and associated ecosystems. In this study, several high spatiotemporal resolution remote sensing products were used on the basis of arti cial intelligence in Google Earth Engine. The results show that the two rst lling phases had no effect on the reservoirs of the dams in Sudan and Egypt, nor on the vegetation cover. On the contrary, signi cant reserves of water have been stored in response to unusual oods in the White Nile, and the recent trend of increasing vegetation cover has not been affected likely due to groundwater contributions and judicious anticipation, and the provision of resources for food security. In general, the parties must take long-term collaborative measures to ensure effective management and reduce waste, especially in the upcoming lling.