Reply to Reeves and Dunn: Risk for autism in offspring after maternal glyphosate exposure

Hashimoto, Kenji; Hammock, Bruce D.

doi:10.1073/pnas.2016496118

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Moreover, oral administration of TPPU to pregnant mothers from E5 to P21 prevented ASD-like behaviors such as social interaction deficits and increased grooming time in the juvenile offspring after maternal glyphosate exposure. Collectively, increased sEH in the brain seems to play a role in the pathogenesis of ASD after maternal glyphosate exposure [84][85][86].…”

Section: Asd and Schizophreniamentioning

confidence: 97%

Soluble Epoxide Hydrolase as a Therapeutic Target for Neuropsychiatric Disorders

Shan

Hashimoto

2022

IJMS

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It has been found that soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH; encoded by the EPHX2 gene) in the metabolism of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) plays a key role in inflammation, which, in turn, plays a part in the pathogenesis of neuropsychiatric disorders. Meanwhile, epoxy fatty acids such as epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs), epoxyeicosatetraenoic acids (EEQs), and epoxyeicosapentaenoic acids (EDPs) have been found to exert neuroprotective effects in animal models of neuropsychiatric disorders through potent anti-inflammatory actions. Soluble expoxide hydrolase, an enzyme present in all living organisms, metabolizes epoxy fatty acids into the corresponding dihydroxy fatty acids, which are less active than the precursors. In this regard, preclinical findings using sEH inhibitors or Ephx2 knock-out (KO) mice have indicated that the inhibition or deficiency of sEH can have beneficial effects in several models of neuropsychiatric disorders. Thus, this review discusses the current findings of the role of sEH in neuropsychiatric disorders, including depression, autism spectrum disorder (ASD), schizophrenia, Parkinson’s disease (PD), and stroke, as well as the potential mechanisms underlying the therapeutic effects of sEH inhibitors.

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Section: Asd and Schizophreniamentioning

confidence: 97%

Soluble Epoxide Hydrolase as a Therapeutic Target for Neuropsychiatric Disorders

Shan

Hashimoto

2022

IJMS

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“…It is therefore necessary to generate new technologies for weed control in agriculture [12]. In addition, the use of glyphosate has generated controversy due to its association with severe health conditions such as the increase in the probability of developing cancer, endocrine alterations, neurological disorders, and autism [13][14][15][16]. Consequently, glyphosate was reclassified in 2015 as "probably carcinogenic" in Group 2A by the International Agency for Research on Cancer [17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Evaluation of Different Extraction Methods for Identification and Quantification of Glyphosate in Fortified Corn Flour

Méndez-Barredo,

Monribot-Villanueva,

Bojórquez-Velázquez

et al. 2023

J. Mex. Chem. Soc.

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Abstract. Glyphosate is one of the most widely used herbicides around the world. Over the past decade, the use of glyphosate and related molecules has significantly risen despite its suggested harmful effects on human health. Therefore, it is of great interest to establish reliable and scalable extraction and quantification pipelines for glyphosate in food-associated products. This herbicide is difficult to detect in foods and related matrices because of its chemical features. In this work, we tested different concentrations of solvents and various extraction protocols for recovering this pesticide. For quantification, we used a dynamic multiple reaction monitoring (dMRM) method in an ultra-high resolution liquid chromatograph coupled to a triple quadrupole mass spectrometer (UPLC-MS-QqQ). We determined that 20 % (v/v) methanol in water was the best solvent for extraction. Accelerated solvent extraction (ASE) and ultrasonication approach allowed better recovery values. However, extraction with the energized dispersive extraction system (EDGE) exhibited a more efficient result in half of the time compared to the other automated protocol tested in our study. Our investigation provides valuable information for the extraction, identification, and quantification of glyphosate-2-13C, which will contribute to monitoring the level of this herbicide in corn flour. Resumen. El glifosato es uno de los herbicidas más utilizados en todo el mundo. Durante la última década, el uso del glifosato y las moléculas derivadas de este compuesto ha aumentado significativamente a pesar de los efectos nocivos que se han indicado para la salud humana. Por lo tanto, es de gran interés establecer herramientas de extracción y cuantificación confiables y escalables para glifosato en los productos asociados con alimentos. Este plaguicida es difícil de detectar en alimentos y otras matrices afines debido a sus características químicas. En este estudio probamos diferentes concentraciones de solventes y varios protocolos de extracción para la recuperación de este herbicida. Para la cuantificación utilizamos un método de monitoreo dinámico de múltiples reacciones (dMRM) en un cromatógrafo de líquidos de ultra alta resolución acoplado a un espectrómetro de masas de triple cuadrupolo (UPLC-MS-QqQ). Determinamos que 20 % (v/v) de metanol en agua era el mejor solvente para la extracción. Las herramientas de extracción acelerada por solventes (ASE) y ultrasonicación permitieron los mejores valores de recuperación. Sin embargo, la extracción con el sistema de extracción dispersiva energizada (EDGE) mostró resultados eficientes en la mitad del tiempo, en comparación con el otro protocolo automatizado probado en nuestro estudio. Nuestra investigación provee información valiosa para la extracción y cuantificación de glifosato-2-13C, lo que contribuirá a monitorear niveles de este herbicida en harina de maíz.

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Reply to Reeves and Dunn: Risk for autism in offspring after maternal glyphosate exposure

Cited by 2 publications

References 9 publications

Soluble Epoxide Hydrolase as a Therapeutic Target for Neuropsychiatric Disorders

Soluble Epoxide Hydrolase as a Therapeutic Target for Neuropsychiatric Disorders

Comparative Evaluation of Different Extraction Methods for Identification and Quantification of Glyphosate in Fortified Corn Flour

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