Reply to Schouten et al.: Marine Group II planktonic Euryarchaeota are significant contributors to tetraether lipids in the ocean

Lincoln, Sara A.; Wai, Brenner; Eppley, John M.; Church, Matthew J.; Summons, Roger E.; DeLong, Edward F.

doi:10.1073/pnas.1416736111

Cited by 22 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…The MBG-B lineage falls outside of the established cren-and euryarchaeota (Teske, 2014), consistent with its mixture of eury-and crenarchaeotal signature nucleotides in 16S rRNA genes (Vetriani et al, 1999). MBG-D is clearly a member of the Euryarchaeota and therefore presumably incapable of crenarchaeol biosynthesis, although this assumption has been recently challenged (Lincoln et al, 2014a); the presented evidence remains equivocal and additional research is required (Lincoln et al, 2014b;Schouten et al, 2014). Whereas planktonic archaea in the estuary were the likely source of crenarchaeol, which constituted roughly one third of surface group CLs and IPLs, we expect that MCG-6, MBG-B and MBG-D contributed to the remaining fraction of lipids associated with the surface group (Table 3), and in particular, to the low δ 13 C signature of biphytanes with 0 to 2 cyclopentane rings in the surface horizon (8-12 cm; Fig.…”

Section: Crenarchaeol and Other Biomarkers Enriched In Surface Sedimentmentioning

confidence: 75%

“…The changing taxonomic status of these archaeal groups will require carefully chosen designations for their putative lipids: MCG was recently hypothesized to constitute a basal sister lineage of the Thaumarchaeota/ Aigarchaeaota phyla (Lloyd et al, 2013;Meng et al, 2014) and was thus designated as the new archaeal phylum Bathyarchaeota (Meng et al, 2014). MBG-D is clearly a member of the Euryarchaeota and therefore presumably incapable of crenarchaeol biosynthesis, although this assumption has been recently challenged (Lincoln et al, 2014a); the presented evidence remains equivocal and additional research is required (Lincoln et al, 2014b;Schouten et al, 2014). MBG-D is clearly a member of the Euryarchaeota and therefore presumably incapable of crenarchaeol biosynthesis, although this assumption has been recently challenged (Lincoln et al, 2014a); the presented evidence remains equivocal and additional research is required (Lincoln et al, 2014b;Schouten et al, 2014).…”

Section: Crenarchaeol and Other Biomarkers Enriched In Surface Sedimentmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The archaeal lipidome in estuarine sediment dominated by members of the Miscellaneous Crenarchaeotal Group

Meador

Bowles

Lazar

et al. 2015

Environmental Microbiology

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The anoxic sediments of the White Oak River estuary comprise a distinctive sulfate-methane transition zone (SMTZ) and natural enrichment of the archaea affiliated with the Miscellaneous Crenarchaeotal Group (MCG). Archaeal biphytanes were generally depleted in (13) C, with δ(13) C values being less than -35‰, indicative of production by active sedimentary archaeal populations. Multivariate analysis of the downcore distributions of 63 lipid biomarkers identified three major groups of lipids that were enriched in the surface, SMTZ or subsurface depths. Intact polar lipids with phosphatidylglycerol headgroups and glycerol dibiphytanyl glycerol tetraethers containing one, two or three cyclopentane rings were enriched at the base of the SMTZ and likely represent the accumulated product of a small but active ANME-1 community. The recently identified butanetriol dibiphytanyl glycerol tetraethers (BDGT), which increased relatively to other lipids with depth, were correlated with the relative abundance of MCG in archaeal 16S rRNA clone libraries, and were (13) C depleted throughout the depth profile, suggesting BDGT lipids as putative biomarkers of an MCG community that may either be autotrophic or feeding on (13) C-depleted organic substrates transported by porewater.

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Section: Crenarchaeol and Other Biomarkers Enriched In Surface Sedimentmentioning

confidence: 75%

Section: Crenarchaeol and Other Biomarkers Enriched In Surface Sedimentmentioning

confidence: 99%

The archaeal lipidome in estuarine sediment dominated by members of the Miscellaneous Crenarchaeotal Group

Meador

Bowles

Lazar

et al. 2015

Environmental Microbiology

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“…It is still debated if planktonic Euryarchaeota can produce iGDGTs (Kim et al, 2016;Lincoln et al, 2014b;Schouten et al, 2014), but their potential influence may be detectable through δ 13 C GDGT measurements. Planktonic Euryarchaeota are heterotrophic (Iverson et al, 2012), so their lipids should have δ 13 C GDGT values similar to, or more negative than, bulk biomass.…”

Section: The δ 13 C Gdgt Records Indicate Minimal Nonthaumarchaeal Igmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impacts of Paleoecology on the TEX₈₆ Sea Surface Temperature Proxy in the Pliocene‐Pleistocene Mediterranean Sea

Polik

Elling

Pearson

2018

Paleoceanog and Paleoclimatol

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The TEX86 proxy, based on the distribution of isoprenoid glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraethers (iGDGTs) from planktonic Thaumarchaeota, is widely used to reconstruct sea surface temperature (SST). Recent observations of species‐specific and regionally dependent TEX86‐SST relationships in cultures and the modern ocean raise the question of whether nonthermal factors may have impacted TEX86 paleorecords. Here we evaluate the effects of ecological changes on TEX86 using one Pliocene and two Pleistocene sapropels from the Mediterranean Sea. We find that TEX86‐derived SSTs deviate from U37normalK’‐derived SSTs before, during, and after each sapropel event. U37normalK’‐derived SSTs vary by less than 6 °C, while TEX86‐derived SSTs vary by up to 15 °C within a single record. Compound‐specific carbon isotope compositions indicate minimal confounding influence on TEX86 from exogenous sources. Some of the variation can be accounted for by changes in nitrogen cycling intensity affecting thaumarchaeal iGDGT biosynthesis, as demonstrated by an inverse relationship between TEX86 and δ15NTN. TEX86‐derived SSTs also consistently show warm anomalies in the Pleistocene, while the Pliocene samples exhibit both warmer and cooler relative offsets. These anomalies result from systematic differences between Plio‐Pleistocene iGDGT distributions and both modern Mediterranean and modern, globally distributed core top samples. Through characteristic GDGT distributions, we suggest the existence of three distinct endemic populations of Thaumarchaeota in the Pliocene, Pleistocene, and modern Mediterranean Sea, respectively. Importantly, these communities prevailed during both sapropel and oligotrophic conditions. Our results demonstrate that ecological and community‐specific effects must be considered when applying the TEX86 proxy to paleorecords.

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“…Recently, Lincoln et al (2014a) proposed Marine Group II as potential producers of crenarchaeol. However, this is still debated (Lincoln et al, 2014b;Schouten et al, 2014). The newly described archaeal groups detected by genetic methods are still uncultured; therefore, their membrane lipid composition remains unknown.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Benthic archaea as potential sources of tetraether membrane lipids in sediments across an oxygen minimum zone

et al. 2018

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Abstract. Benthic archaea comprise a significant part of the total prokaryotic biomass in marine sediments. Recent genomic surveys suggest they are largely involved in anaerobic processing of organic matter, but the distribution and abundance of these archaeal groups are still largely unknown. Archaeal membrane lipids composed of isoprenoid diethers or tetraethers (glycerol dibiphytanyl glycerol tetraether, GDGT) are often used as archaeal biomarkers. Here, we compare the archaeal diversity and intact polar lipid (IPL) composition in both surface (0-0.5 cm) and subsurface (10-12 cm) sediments recovered within, just below, and well below the oxygen minimum zone (OMZ) of the Arabian Sea. Archaeal 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing revealed a predominance of Thaumarchaeota (Marine Group I, MG-I) in oxygenated sediments. Quantification of archaeal 16S rRNA and ammonia monoxygenase (amoA) of Thaumarchaeota genes and their transcripts indicated the presence of an active in situ benthic population, which coincided with a high relative abundance of hexose phosphohexose crenarchaeol, a specific biomarker for living Thaumarchaeota. On the other hand, anoxic surface sediments within the OMZ and all subsurface sediments were dominated by archaea belonging to the Miscellaneous Crenarchaeota Group (MCG), the Thermoplasmatales and archaea of the DPANN (superphylum grouping Micrarchaeota, Diapherotrites, Aenigmarchaeota, Nanohaloarchaeota, Parvarchaeota, Nanoarchaeota, Pacearchaeota and Woesearchaeota). Members of the MCG were diverse, with a dominance of subgroup MCG-12 in anoxic surface sediments. This coincided with a high relative abundance of IPL GDGT-0 with an unknown polar head group. Subsurface anoxic sediments were characterized by higher relative abundance of GDGT-0, -2 and -3 with dihexose IPL types, GDGT-0 with a cyclopentanetetraol molecule and hexose, as well as the presence of specific MCG subgroups, suggesting that these groups could be the biological sources of these archaeal lipids.

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Reply to Schouten et al.: Marine Group II planktonic Euryarchaeota are significant contributors to tetraether lipids in the ocean

Cited by 22 publications

References 5 publications

The archaeal lipidome in estuarine sediment dominated by members of the Miscellaneous Crenarchaeotal Group

The archaeal lipidome in estuarine sediment dominated by members of the Miscellaneous Crenarchaeotal Group

Impacts of Paleoecology on the TEX₈₆ Sea Surface Temperature Proxy in the Pliocene‐Pleistocene Mediterranean Sea

Benthic archaea as potential sources of tetraether membrane lipids in sediments across an oxygen minimum zone

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Reply to Schouten et al.: Marine Group II planktonic Euryarchaeota are significant contributors to tetraether lipids in the ocean

Cited by 22 publications

References 5 publications

The archaeal lipidome in estuarine sediment dominated by members of the Miscellaneous Crenarchaeotal Group

The archaeal lipidome in estuarine sediment dominated by members of the Miscellaneous Crenarchaeotal Group

Impacts of Paleoecology on the TEX86 Sea Surface Temperature Proxy in the Pliocene‐Pleistocene Mediterranean Sea

Benthic archaea as potential sources of tetraether membrane lipids in sediments across an oxygen minimum zone

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Impacts of Paleoecology on the TEX₈₆ Sea Surface Temperature Proxy in the Pliocene‐Pleistocene Mediterranean Sea