Report Of AD HOC Committee on Central Fact-Gathering Data of the American Psychoanalytic Association

Hamburg, David A.; Bibring, Grete L.; Fisher, Charles Perry; Stanton, Alfred H.; Wallerstein, Robert S.; Weinstock, Harry I.; Haggard, Ernest A.

doi:10.1177/000306516701500407

Cited by 45 publications

(24 citation statements)

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“…Bieber and colleagues, 13 Hamburg and colleagues, 14 and Feldman. 15 These studies can be seen as the first attempts to provide empirical evidence of LPT's effectiveness, but they do not meet contemporary criteria of scientific research.…”

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confidence: 99%

The Effectiveness of Long-Term Psychoanalytic Therapy: A Systematic Review of Empirical Studies

Maat¹,

Jonghe²,

Schoevers³

et al. 2009

Harvard Review of Psychiatry

171

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Background: There is a gap in the research literature on the effectiveness of long-term psychoanalytic therapies (LPT). Aim: To present a systematic review of studies dealing with LPT effectiveness and published from 1970 onward. Methods: A systematic literature search for studies dealing with the effectiveness of individual LPT in ambulatory, adult patients. Data about the overall effectiveness of LPT, its impact on symptom reduction, and its effect on personality changes were pooled both at treatment termination and at follow-up, using effect sizes (ESs) and success rates. Results: We found 27 studies (n = 5063). Psychotherapy yielded large mean ESs (0.78 at termination; 0.94 at follow-up) and high mean overall success rates (64% at termination; 55% at follow-up) in moderate/mixed pathology. The mean ES was larger for symptom reduction (1.03) than for personality change (0.54). In severe pathology, the results were similar. Psychoanalysis achieved large mean ESs (0.87 at termination; 1.18 at follow-up) and high mean overall success rates (71% at termination; 54% at follow-up) in moderate pathology. The mean ES for symptom reduction was larger (1.38) than for personality change (0.76). Conclusion: Our data suggest that LPT is effective treatment for a large range of pathologies, with moderate to large effects. (HARV REV PSYCHIATRY 2009;17:1-23.)

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confidence: 99%

The Effectiveness of Long-Term Psychoanalytic Therapy: A Systematic Review of Empirical Studies

Maat¹,

Jonghe²,

Schoevers³

et al. 2009

Harvard Review of Psychiatry

171

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“…Frank's contention that client and therapist characteristics are important determinants of therapy outcome can be seriously challenged on empirical grounds. For instance, most studies show no relationship between therapy outcome and client variables such as social class (Lorion, 1973;Luborsky, Chandler, Auerbach, Cohen, & Bachrach, 1971), age (Garfield, 1978;Luborsky et al, 1971), or sex (Gaylin, 1966;Hamburg et al, 1967). Research on client personality variables, while limited by methodological problems, has yielded little information as to who will benefit from psychotherapy (Garfield, 1978).…”

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The present status of outcome studies: A reply to Frank.

Telch¹

1981

Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology

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Frank has argued that therapy outcome depends more on client and therapist characteristics than on therapeutic methods. Based on this assertion, Frank has suggested that researchers should direct their attention to the identification of relevant client and therapist characteristics. The aim of this article is to challenge Frank's argument and to offer an alternative direction for clinical researchers that emphasizes the development of more potent psychological procedures. Frank (1979) has recently given a rather pessimistic view of the current state of knowledge regarding the effectiveness of psychological interventions. He offers several generalizations to summarize the findings of past therapy outcome research: (a) All forms of psychotherapy are somewhat more effective than informal or unplanned help; (b) one form of therapy has rarely been shown to be significantly more effective than any other; (c) most clients who show initial improvement maintain it; and (d) therapeutic success lies more in the qualities of the client, therapist, and their interaction than in the therapeutic method. Frank argues that since therapeutic success depends primarily on client and therapist characteristics, clinical researchers should direct their attention to the identification of relevant attributes of clients and therapists. He suggests that future research explore the relationship between client characteristics (e.g., locus of control), therapist characteristics (e.g., degree of therapist participation), and therapy outcome.The directions for future research suggested by Frank are based on several erroneous generalizations regarding the present state of knowledge on psychological change. The aim of the present article is to challenge Frank's original generalizations and to offer an alternative direction for clinical researchers.To support the generalization that therapies rarely differ in effectiveness, Frank cites two widely publicized articles on psychotherapy outcome (Sloane, Staples, Cristol, Yorkston, &

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“…Several international psychoanalytic institutes and personalities recognized the need for empirical corroboration of psychoanalytic theories and technologies. Although most of the research outcomes published in those decades refuted Freud's claims on the uniqueness and efficacy of his therapy (Hamburg et al, 1967), renowned analysts such as David Shakow (1901-1981), Franz Alexander (1891), and Karl Menninger (1893-1990 underlined the need for objective records and assessments of psychotherapy sessions. Among other reasons, they admitted that personal recollections were not enough to assess therapeutic outcomes and that analysts can show cognitive bias:…”

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confidence: 99%

Psychology qua psychoanalysis in Argentina: Some historical origins of a philosophical problem (1942–1964)

Fierro

Araújo

2020

J History Behavioral Science

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Contemporary Argentinian psychology has a unique characteristic: it is identified with psychoanalysis. Nonpsychoanalytic theories and therapies are difficult to find. In addition, there is an overt antiscientific attitude within many psychology programs. How should this be explained? In this paper, we claim that a philosophical history of psychology can shed new light on the development of Argentinian psychology by showing that early Argentinian psychoanalysts held positions in the newborn psychology programs and a distinctive stance toward scientific research in general and psychology in particular. In the absence of an explicit and articulate philosophical position, psychoanalysts developed an implicit meta-theory that helped shape the context that led to the institutionalization and professionalization of psychology in Argentina. Although we do not establish or even suggest a monocausal link between their ideas and the current state of Argentinian psychology, we do claim that their impact should be explored. Finally, we discuss some limitations of our study and suggest future complementary investigations.

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Report Of AD HOC Committee on Central Fact-Gathering Data of the American Psychoanalytic Association

Cited by 45 publications

References 0 publications

The Effectiveness of Long-Term Psychoanalytic Therapy: A Systematic Review of Empirical Studies

The Effectiveness of Long-Term Psychoanalytic Therapy: A Systematic Review of Empirical Studies

The present status of outcome studies: A reply to Frank.

Psychology qua psychoanalysis in Argentina: Some historical origins of a philosophical problem (1942–1964)

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