Report of Committee on Sampling

Blanck, F C; Brackett, R N; Kellogg, James; Zerban, F. W.; Patten, A J; McCall, A. G.; Frey, Roman; Sale, J W; Paul, A.

doi:10.1093/jaoac/10.1.92

Cited by 2 publications

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“…In 1925, the Association of Official Agricultural Chemists (AOAC), which enjoyed a strong relationship with the U.S. Department of Agriculture, set up a Committee on Sampling (1925) to study all aspects of the sampling problem for agricultural research as well as for regulatory activities. The Report of that Committee (Blanck, 1927) formally adopted a proposal made in an unpublished 1919 report by the AOAC to use the square-root rule for sampling certain classes of foods. A companion article by Paul (1927) also recommended the square-root rule for sampling of bulk or powder drugs in small packages.…”

Section: The Square-root and Other Popular Rulesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Statistical and Legal Aspects of the Forensic Study of Illicit Drugs

Izenman¹

2001

Statist. Sci.

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Prosecuting those arrested for the unlawful possession, distribution or importation of illicit drugs, such as powder cocaine, crack cocaine, heroin and LSD, is usually both time-consuming and expensive, primarily because of the need to determine "beyond a reasonable doubt" the total amount of drugs seized in each case. Accuracy is important since penalties (imprisonment or fines) depend upon the quantity seized. Substantial backlogs in processing drug cases often develop as a result. In some jurisdictions, complete testing and analysis of all substances seized from a defendant are customary in support of a case, while in other jurisdictions random sampling of drugs and the subsequent presentation of an estimate of the total amount seized have been used for many years. Due to pressure from crime laboratories and prosecutors, who point to major increases in their caseloads as well as a trend toward decreasing funding and staffing for the crime laboratories, jurisdictions which currently carry out a complete census of all seized evidence are now seriously considering a change in their methodology with a view to instituting new guidelines for the scientific sampling of evidence. In this article, we discuss the statistical and legal issues that have arisen in cases involving illicit drugs.

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Section: The Square-root and Other Popular Rulesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Statistical and Legal Aspects of the Forensic Study of Illicit Drugs

Izenman¹

2001

Statist. Sci.

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“…The lot on zero defectives is accepted, or, in the case of continuous measurements, the lot is accepted if the average falls within given specifications. Originating in the 1920s as a sampling scheme for agricultural regulatory inspectors, the square root (Sqrt) of the lot size (N) + 1 was semi formalized in an unpublished report by the Association of Official Agricultural Chemists (now Association of Analytical Chemists) in 1927 . A simple method for choosing a sample size from a population is through what quality engineers refer to as the square root of N plus one sampling rule.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of Effectiveness of the ‘Square Root of N Plus One’ Rule in Lot Acceptance Sampling Using an Operating Characteristic Curve

Muralimanohar¹,

Jaianand²

2011

Quality Assurance Journal

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Sampling is an inevitable means of testing in quality inspections. However sampling is always associated with sampling risks that inspectors have to control. This paper aims to reveal the reliability and efficacy of the commonly used formula, 'Square root of N plus one', in lot acceptance sampling. An Operating Characteristic Curve is exploited to test the validity of the sampling plan and it offers a further dimension to unveil the unreliability of it. The probability of accepting a defective lot is increased substantially from larger to smaller lot sizes with the deployment of the √N + 1 rule as a sampling plan. Using a sampling plan blindly from recognized sources and pursuing a traditional practice does not ensure that the sampling plan is statistically valid. Regardless of the source of the sampling plan and how it is indexed, it is the actual acceptable quality level (AQL) and lot tolerance percent defective (LTPD) of the sampling plan that describes its protection and determines validity.

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Report of Committee on Sampling

Cited by 2 publications

References 0 publications

Statistical and Legal Aspects of the Forensic Study of Illicit Drugs

Statistical and Legal Aspects of the Forensic Study of Illicit Drugs

Determination of Effectiveness of the ‘Square Root of N Plus One’ Rule in Lot Acceptance Sampling Using an Operating Characteristic Curve

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