Report of Bursaphelenchus crenati Rühm, 1956 (Nematoda: Parasitaphelenchinae) from Belarus and Russia with a diagnostic key and phylogeny of the Sexdentati group

Abstract

The endoparasitic nematode, Bursaphelenchus crenati, in beetle tunnels of Hylesinus crenatus from the ash Fraxinus excelsior L. with signs of ash dieback, is recorded for the first time in Central Russia and Belarus. Third‐stage dauer juveniles were extracted from the bark beetle, H. crenatus, and cultured on Botrytis cinerea. Morphological, morphometric and molecular analyses of these populations are presented here. Some morphological differences of dauers and adults were found between Belarusian and Russian populations, which may be attributed to seasonal variations. For description of new Bursaphelenchus species, it is recommended to indicate not only the number of lateral incisures but also the number of bands. Recommendations are made to classify the male caudal papillae of Bursaphelenchus into two groups: papilliform and gland papillae with separate numerals. Emended diagnosis, tabular diagnostic polytomous key for the species of Sexdentati group with lists of their vectors and plants, is given. Phylogenetic relationships between some species of the Sexdentati group are also presented based on the analysis of partial 18S, ITS and 28S rRNA gene sequences.

New Records of Wood- and Bark-Inhabiting Nematodes from Woody Plants with a Description of Bursaphelenchus zvyagintsevi sp. n. (Aphelenchoididae: Parasitaphelenchinae) from Russia

“…Reports of B. eremus and B. michalskii are new findings of these species for Russia. Thus, the total number of Bursaphelenchus species reported from Russia increased to 18 and included the following species: B. africanus [ 54 ], B. borealis [ 14 , 55 ], B. crenati [ 8 ], B. eremus (this study), B. eroshenkii [ 56 ], B. fraudulentus [ 21 , 55 ]; (this study), B. fuchsi [ 57 ], B. hellenicus [ 21 , 55 ], B. hylobianus [ 14 , 55 ], B. kolymensis [ 13 , 58 ], B. leoni [ 55 ], B. michalskii (this study), B. mucronatus [ 17 , 55 , 59 , 60 ] and this study, B. paracorneolus [ 55 ], B. rockyi [ 61 ], B. ulmophilus [ 6 ], B. willibaldi [ 28 ] and this study, and B. zvuagintsevi sp. n. (this study).…”

“…In this study, the tree wood and bark samples collected from ecosystems under anthropogenic transformations in urban areas, parks and botanical gardens were also included in the analysis. Under quickly changing climatic and biotic conditions and due to the anthropogenic disturbances of forest ecosystems, these nematodes may change their hosts and vectors and transform into the true pathogens [ 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 ].…”