Report of the American Heart Association Task Force on the Future of Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation.

Cobb, L A; Eliastam, Michael; Kerber, Richard E.; Melker, Richard J.; Moss, Arthur J.; Newell, L; Paraskos, John A; Weaver, W. Douglas; Weil, Max Harry; Weisfeldt, Myron L.

doi:10.1161/01.cir.85.6.2346

Cited by 74 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…However, in the same year, the same group was also to suggest that; (Baskett, 2007;Timmermans, 1998;Timmermans, 1999 (Cobb et al, 1992(Cobb et al, , p.2348.…”

Section: 3mentioning

confidence: 98%

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Training lay-people to use automatic external defibrillators: Are all of their needs being met?

2006

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This thesis draws upon data gathered during research undertaken with a grant from the Resuscitation Council (UK). It explores the use of Automatic External Defibrillators (AEDs) by laypeople, which is known as Public Access Defibrillation (PAD). Whilst an abundance of research has been undertaken about this phenomenon, it has predominately been conducted using quantitative methods; however the data I am using was collected using a qualitative approach. During the research, fifty-three semi-structured interviews were carried out. Most of these were with laypeople who had been trained to use AEDs, and nine involved those who delivered the training. These interviews were conducted at sites typical of those where these devices have been introduced, such as railway stations and airports. The geographical area of these locations covered the East and West Midlands, South and West Yorkshire, Lincolnshire and Essex. The aims of the research were quite broad and included exploring how to make training more realistic, how debriefing and support for those who had used an AED should be organised and how the interviewees perceived the technology inherent in the AED.This thesis reanalyses the data that was collected during that research and focuses on two themes. Firstly, some of the theories of technologies in transition are used to illustrate how AEDs were developed in a laboratory and progressed from that setting to become commonplace in public locations. The actor-network theory is adopted to argue that these technological devices exert an influence on the human actors in the networks that exist within society. Specifically, my analysis is informed by the work of Timmermans (1998; 1999; 1997) whose theories about external chest compressions I have developed and applied to AEDs. They suggest that these devices achieved universality, in part, through the influence of debates and medical protocols.One significant factor was that AEDs allowed for defibrillation to be redefined from a medical, to a first aid procedure. Eventually, using these devices was included in the protocols for first aid and this legitimised their use by laypeople. These theories are observable in the data through the interviewees" accounts of how they came to accept being trained to use AEDs. The experiences of those who had used an AED during a resuscitation attempt are provided and suggest that these are distressing and unpleasant events.Consequently, a key component of this thesis is a discussion of the necessity to provide psychological debriefing for those who have been involved in these incidents.The findings of this thesis suggest that laypeople who have used an AED usually have questions about the actions they took during the attempted resuscitation and need to address these with someone soon afterwards.

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“…However, in the same year, the same group was also to suggest that; (Baskett, 2007;Timmermans, 1998;Timmermans, 1999 (Cobb et al, 1992(Cobb et al, , p.2348.…”

Section: 3mentioning

confidence: 98%

“…These studies have frequently been used to support the use of AEDs by laypeople. (See for example; (Cobb, Eliastam, Kerber et al, 1992;Cummins, Ornato, Thies et al, 1991b;Eisenberg, 2000;Weisfeldt, Kerber, McGoldrick et al, 1995a).…”

Section: 13mentioning

confidence: 99%

Training lay-people to use automatic external defibrillators: Are all of their needs being met?

2006

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“…107 There are various cognitive and behavioural approaches to teaching CPR. 13,[108][109][110][111][112] The content of CPR classes should be reduced and simplified. (Class II-1) This is supported by 3 literature reviews 24,25,113 and 1 quasiexperimental study.…”

Section: Ii-3 Inform Trainees About What To Expect During Resuscitatimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…108,[174][175][176][177] It is considered a privileged window into the population segment that is aged 50 years and older. 178 In Seattle, Washington, repeated CPR instructions on television have led to a significant rise in bystander CPR rates.…”

Section: Where Should Cpr Instructions Be Given?mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Historically, tuberculosis and polio were major concerns on the minds of potential rescuers. 108 Today, HIV and hepatitis B cause the greatest concerns. 108,[210][211][212][213] But no case of HIV, hepatitis B, hepatitis C, or Creutzfeld-Jakob disease has ever been reported as a result of providing CPR to a victim or a manikin.…”

Section: Where Should Cpr Instructions Be Given?mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Understanding and improving low bystander CPR rates: a systematic review of the literature

Vaillancourt

Stiell

Wells

2008

CJEM

144

110

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Objectives: Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is a crucial yet weak link in the chain of survival for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. We sought to understand the determinants of bystander CPR and the factors associated with successful training. Methods: For this systematic review, we searched 11 electronic databases, 1 trial registry and 9 scientific websites. We performed hand searches and contacted 6 content experts. We reviewed without restriction all communications pertaining to who should learn CPR, what should be taught, when to repeat training, where to give CPR instructions and why people lack the motivation to learn and perform CPR. We used standardized forms to review papers for inclusion, quality and data extraction. We grouped publications by category and classified recommendations using a standardized classification system that was based on level of evidence. Results: We reviewed 2409 articles and selected 411 for complete evaluation. We included 252 of the 411 papers in this systematic review. Differences in their study design precluded a meta-analysis. We classified 22 recommendations; those with the highest scores were 1) 9-1-1 dispatchassisted CPR instructions, 2) teaching CPR to family members of cardiac patients, 3) Braslow's selftraining video, 4) maximizing time spent using manikins and 5) teaching the concepts of ambiguity and diffusion of responsibility. Recommendations not supported by evidence include mass training events, pulse taking prior to CPR by laymen and CPR using chest compressions alone. Conclusion:We evaluated and classified the potential impact of interventions that have been proposed to improve bystander CPR rates. Our results may help communities design interventions to improve their bystander CPR rates. RÉSUMÉ Objectifs : La réanimation cardio-respiratoire (RCR) est un maillon essentiel, quoique faible, de la chaîne de survie lors de la survenue d'un arrêt cardiaque hors de l'hôpital. Nous avons cherché à comprendre les déterminants du taux de passants pouvant administrer la RCR et les facteurs liés à une formation efficace. Méthodes : Dans le cadre de cette revue systématique, nous avons analysé 11 bases de données électroniques, un registre d'essais cliniques et neuf sites Web scientifiques. Nous avons réalisé des recherches manuelles et communiqué avec six experts du contenu. Nous avons examiné sans restriction toutes les communications portant sur les questions suivantes : qui devrait apprendre la RCR, ce qu'on devrait enseigner, QUAND la formation devrait être renouvelée, où les cours de

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Evaluation of the Patient Resuscitated from Cardiac Arrest

Ott¹,

Prystowsky²

2001

Cardiology for the Primary Care Physician

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Report of the American Heart Association Task Force on the Future of Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation.

Cited by 74 publications

References 49 publications

Training lay-people to use automatic external defibrillators: Are all of their needs being met?

Training lay-people to use automatic external defibrillators: Are all of their needs being met?

Understanding and improving low bystander CPR rates: a systematic review of the literature

Evaluation of the Patient Resuscitated from Cardiac Arrest

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