Report of the Tobacco Policy Research Study Group on Access to Tobacco Products in the United States

Altman, David; Carol, Julia; Chalkley, Christine; Cherner, Joe; DiFranza, Joseph R.; Feighery, Ellen C.; Forster, Jean L.; Gupta, Sunil; Records, John; Slade, John; Talbot, Bruce; Tye, Joe

doi:10.1136/tc.1.suppl1.s45

Cited by 15 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 28 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…It is dif cult, however, to synthesize and compare the results of the many studies because they differ considerably in terms of the age, ethnicity, and socioeconomic status of the participants as well as location, culture, setting, and measurement. Nonetheless, common in uences on and reasons for smoking initiation and maintenance have been identi ed, including parental (Flay et al, 1994;Grif n, Botvin, Doyle, Diaz, & Epstein, 1999;Stanton & Silva, 1991), peer (AloiseYoung, Graham, & Hansen, 1994;Flay et al, 1994;Skinner & Krohn, 1992;Sussman, Dent, Flay, Hansen, & Johnson, 1987;Urberg, 1992) and sibling smoking (Murray, Kiryluk, & Swan, 1985;Stanton & Silva, 1991), access to and availability of cigarettes (Altman et al, 1992;Jason, Ji, Anes, & Birkhead, 1991), socioeconomic status (Blane, Hart, Davey-Smith, Gillis, Hole, & Hawthorne, 1996;Graham & Der, 1999), personal characteristics such as rebelliousness (Best, Brown, Cameron, Manske, & Santi, 1995;Santi, Cargo, Brown, Best, & Cameron, 1996), low expectations for academic success (Chassin, Presson, Sherman, Corty, & Olshavsky, 1984), social bonding and relief from social anxiety (Crisp, Sedgwick, Halek, Joughlin, & Humphrey, 1999), weight management (Crisp et al, 1998) and socioeconomic factors (Amos, 1996;Graham & Der, 1999).…”

Section: Explanations Of Smoking Initiation and Maintenancementioning

confidence: 98%

Cigarette Smoking and the Disenfranchisement of Adolescent Girls: A Discourse of Resistance?

MacDonald

Wright

2002

Health Care for Women International

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The consequences of smoking for women are of particular concern in light of recent observations that more adolescent females than males are taking up smoking. To date, few studies have explored gender differences in depth, but we do know that males and females smoke for different reasons and that current smoking prevention programs may be differentially effective depending on gender. Recent evidence suggests that the school environment may have an important influence on smoking. The purpose of this study, therefore, was to explore gender differences in the relationships between cigarette smoking and adolescents' experiences of school climate and their relationships with the school and significant adults in their lives. A secondary data analysis was done using a data set derived from a student survey conducted in 20 secondary schools in British Columbia (BC), Canada, which included 8,179 students in grades 8 to 12. Analyses were primarily descriptive. The results demonstrated that adolescent girls who smoke are more likely than either males or nonsmoking females to experience powerlessness in their school environment and to feel considerably less attachment to the school. Female smokers are more likely than males or female nonsmokers to be engaged in oppositional, distanced, and unsatisfactory relationships with important adults in their lives, particularly those who are in positions of relative power and authority. These findings are discussed in relation to critical and feminist perspectives that suggest smoking is part of a larger discourse of resistance within schools. The implications for health practitioners are discussed.

show abstract

Section: Explanations Of Smoking Initiation and Maintenancementioning

confidence: 98%

Cigarette Smoking and the Disenfranchisement of Adolescent Girls: A Discourse of Resistance?

MacDonald

Wright

2002

Health Care for Women International

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Although compliance checks of retail outlets are generally considered a crucial element of programs to prevent tobacco sales to minors, few studies of such programs have been done. 8 The study involved monitoring tobacco sales to minors in all tobacco-selling retail outlets in 6 pairs of communities in Erie County, New York, between September 1994 and November 1995. Communities were matched on the basis of the socioeconomic characteristics of the population and number of tobacco-selling retail outlets.…”

Section: Introduction Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of an enforcement program to reduce tobacco sales to minors.

Cummings

Hyland²,

Saunders-Martin³

et al. 1998

Am J Public Health

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

OBJECTIVES: This study evaluated an active enforcement program to increase retailers' compliance with the law prohibiting tobacco sales to minors. METHODS: Tobacco sales to minors were monitored in 319 outlets in 6 pairs of communities in Erie County, New York. One community in each pair was randomly assigned to an enforcement intervention. RESULTS: Retailers' compliance with the law increased from 35% in 1994 to 73% in 1995. However, the change in compliance rates was roughly the same for stores in the enforcement and nonenforcement communities. CONCLUSIONS: Active compliance checking of retail outlets as a strategy to reduce illegal tobacco sales to minors may only be necessary insofar as it contributes to an increase in retailers' perception that the threat of enforcement is real.

show abstract

“…Given Minnesota's leadership role in tobacco policy over the past 20 years, these rates are likely to exceed rates in many other states. Enforcement efforts in Woodridge, Illinois, (76) are well known, and have diffused to a number of other communities (2). A community organizing effort in seven Minnesota communities succeeded in increasing youth access enforcement efforts (as well as passing ordinances) (10, 55).…”

Section: Enforcement Of Youth Access Lawsmentioning

confidence: 99%

YOUTH ACCESS TO TOBACCO: Policies and Politics

Forster

Wolfson

1998

Annu. Rev. Public Health

123

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The late 1980s marked the beginning of a sea change in research and intervention on tobacco use by young people, when the first studies were published demonstrating the ease with which adolescents could purchase cigarettes. Since then concern with the commercial availability of tobacco products to youth has grown, becoming deeply entrenched in both research and policy efforts. This paper reviews the history of restrictions on youth access to tobacco, the evidence that commercial sources of tobacco are available and important to adolescents, and the rationale for various components of policies to restrict access. We also review the recent expansion of policies addressing youth access to tobacco at all levels of government, the tobacco industry response to this expansion, and issues that have arisen as this expansion has developed.

show abstract

Report of the Tobacco Policy Research Study Group on Access to Tobacco Products in the United States

Cited by 15 publications

References 28 publications

Cigarette Smoking and the Disenfranchisement of Adolescent Girls: A Discourse of Resistance?

Cigarette Smoking and the Disenfranchisement of Adolescent Girls: A Discourse of Resistance?

Evaluation of an enforcement program to reduce tobacco sales to minors.

YOUTH ACCESS TO TOBACCO: Policies and Politics

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About