Reporte del primer hallazgo de puma (Puma concolor puma) infectado con Trichinella sp. en Chile

Abstract

Reporte del primer hallazgo de puma (Puma concolor puma) infectado con Trichinella sp. en Chile #

Research Note. Trichinella spiralis parasitizing Puma concolor: first record in wildlife in Chile

“…The density of larvae in the cougar in this report was low in comparison with that of the previous report from Chile (Hidalgo, et al, , and similar to that of a report of T. spiralis in cougars in Argentina (Ribicich, et al, 2010, 1 lpg). The cougar in this work showed a better overall condition than the one described by Hidalgo et al (2013). Although the disease has been reported in animals (Rice, et al, 1990;Ribicich, et al, 2007;Bowman, 2009;Ribicich, et al, 2013), the infecting dose necessary for clinical signs is usually high, resulting in higher larvae densities than that observed in this report.…”

“…There is no report of Trichinella in wild hosts other than in P. concolor in Chile (Álvarez, et al, 1970;González-Acuña, et al, 2010), and rats reported to host Trichinella larvae have been found only in association with human settlements (e. g. Poupin, 1897). Thus, in Chile, the cougar and the wild boar are the only species that represent any evidence of a possibly existing sylvatic cycle of Trichinella (García, et al, 2005;Hidalgo, et al, 2013). In contrast, in Argentina, Trichinella has been documented in wild boar (Cohen, et al, 2010), and it has also been found in the armadillo (Chaetophractus villosus), the central pericote (Graomys centralis), and in a species of fox (Lycalopex gymnocerus gracilis) (Minoprio, et al, 1967;Krivokapich, et al, 2006).…”

“…In Chile, Trichinella has been found in domestic pigs (Poupin, 1897;Schenone, et al, 1999), dogs, cats (Álvarez, et al, 1970), and synanthropic rats (several reports from Poupin, 1897), but only isolates taken from pigs and brown rats have been identifi ed at species level as T. spiralis (Schenone, et al, 2002;Fonseca-Salamanca, et al, 2006;ITRC-ISS, 2014). On the other hand, there are only three published articles, those by Álvarez et al (1970), González-Acuña et al (2010) and Hidalgo et al (2013), concerning Trichinella in wildlife. The two former studies, which did not fi nd Trichinella larvae, included six rodent species, two canid species, two mustelid species (one of them classifi ed as a rodent by Álvarez et al (1970)), two felid species, two lagomorph species (classifi ed as rodents in by Álvarez et al (1970)), and three whale species.…”

“…However, in Chile, reports of Trichinella parasitization are mostly restricted to synanthropic mammals such as pigs, rats, dogs, and cats (Álvarez, et al, 1970;Schenone, et al, 1999). There is only one fi nding of this genus in wild animals; however, this fi nding lacks the specifi c identifi cation of larvae (Hidalgo, et al, 2013). Until 1971, T. spiralis was the only recognized species.…”

The Impact of Protected Areas on the Incidence of Infectious Diseases

“…[33] In Chile, human trichinosis is endemic and the rst indigenous cases were published more than a hundred years ago and its occurrence is closely related to cultural habits and diet. [34] T. spiralis has been found in domestic pigs, rats, cats, dogs and pumas [35], from which pigs and rats have a greater importance in domestic infection cycles. Domestic pigs usually eat infected rats, causing trichinellosis in humans by the ingestion of undercooked meat containing encysted larvae.…”