Reported and Intended Behaviour Scale

Evans‐Lacko, Sara; Rose, D. V.; Little, Kristina; Flach, C.; Rhydderch, D.; Henderson, Corinne; Thornicroft, Graham

doi:10.1037/t41890-000

Cited by 4 publications

(10 citation statements)

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“…Further, purposive sampling was used to achieve a balanced sample amongst those who met inclusion criteria in terms of the following individual and family-characteristics: gender, age, ethnicity, and caregivers' reports of stigma. Data on the first three characteristics were collected during the initial screening assessment (2005)(2006)(2007)(2008)(2009)(2010), and data on caregivers' intended stigmatizing behaviors were collected using the Reported and Intended Behaviour Scale (Evans-Lacko et al, 2011) during subsequent data collection (2011)(2012) (Gronholm et al, 2015).…”

Section: Recruitment and Samplingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conditional Disclosure on Pathways to Care: Coping Preferences of Young People at Risk of Psychosis

et al. 2016

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The interrelationship between stigma and help-seeking is under-researched amongst children and adolescents. This study explored stigma in relation to pathways to care amongst young people putatively in an early stage of increased risk of developing psychotic disorders. 'Pathways to care' was defined as help-seeking and support from informal and formal resources, and increased risk was determined though the presence of persistent psychotic-like experiences and internalizing/externalizing psychopathology.Twenty-nine qualitative interviews were analyzed using thematic analysis. We defined the super-ordinate theme in these data as "conditional disclosure"; a concept reflecting the rules and prerequisites that influenced how/whether participants sought help. Through parallels between these findings and established stigma theory, we examined how these conditions could be interpreted as influenced by stigma. Our findings demonstrate the influence of stigma on young people's perceptions of a range of preclinical symptoms, and on how they seek support for these symptoms. 3Mental health problems are estimated to affect around one in ten children and adolescents (Polanczyk, Salum, Sugaya, Caye, & Rohde, 2015). These early difficulties can develop into longstanding issues; indeed, the origins of most adult mental disorders can be tracked back to early life, with onset for around half of lifetime cases occurring before the age of fifteen years, and three-quarters by the midtwenties (Kessler et al., 2007). Early difficulties are also associated with disrupted social functioning, compromised educational attainment, and negative impacts on, for example, adulthood relationships and marriage stability, parenting, physical health, and socio-economic outcomes (A. Goodman, Joyce, & Smith, 2011;Riglin, Petrides, Frederickson, & Rice, 2014). These early difficulties remain untreated for many, and this under-treatment of mental disorders amongst children and adolescents is recognized as a public health concern around the world (Polanczyk et al., 2015). For example, in Great Britain, only 24% of children aged 5-16 years with a diagnosable mental disorder had received treatment from specialist mental health services within the previous year (Green, McGinnity, Meltzer, Ford, & Goodman, 2005).An improved understanding of the mechanisms, stages and patterns underlying young people's helpseeking and service use, and the potential barriers to these processes, could inform strategies aiming to reduce this treatment gap.One potential barrier to receiving care is mental-health related stigma. Stigma has been defined as the situation of a person disqualified from social acceptance due to possessing a deeply discredited attribute, which reduces the stigmatized individual from a whole and usual person to a tainted and discounted one (Goffman, 1963). This definition outlines that, in the case of mental illness, this attribute reflects a blemish on the individual character. Stigma has been conceptualized in many ways. For example, one freque...

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Section: Recruitment and Samplingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conditional Disclosure on Pathways to Care: Coping Preferences of Young People at Risk of Psychosis

et al. 2016

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“…The Cronbach's alpha was 0.85 for the subscale on stigma behavior. Overall test-retest reliability was 0.75 (15).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Reported and Intended Behavior Scale (RIBS) (15): The RIBS measures the reported social distance from people with a mental health problem in the past, current and future time, we used the measure of stigma behavior in the future. The RIBS measures intended future stigma behavior as a continuous variable, based on a total score across four questions with high scores representing less stigmatizing behavior.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Descriptive analysis of social determinant of mental health factors in an ethnically diverse Black adult population

Pederson

Hawkins

Lartey

2021

Preprint

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BackgroundBlack adults are often treated as a homogeneous group in research and health care despite the diversity within the Black population across ethnicity. This study considers ethnicity in assessing the heterogeneity among Black adults across multiple social determinants of mental health. Understanding the diversity within the Black population will help close the gap in mental health disparities by offering a more streamlined approach to meeting unmet mental health needs.MethodsA cross-sectional descriptive study and analysis was conducted among Black adults in the United States (n = 269, ages 18-65) from diverse ethnic backgrounds (African-Americans, African immigrants, Afro-Caribbean immigrants). We calculated mean differences according to ethnicity, citizenship status, age group, and gender in the areas of medical mistrust, use of mental health services, depression symptom severity, mental health knowledge and stigma behavior.ResultsAfrican Americans with moderate to severe depression symptoms had greater stigma behavior (mean = 12.2, SD = 3.2), than African Americans who screened in the minimal to mild depression range (mean = 13.1, SD = 3.5). Black immigrants across the spectrum of depression scores had greater stigma than African Americans (p = 0.037). Participants who identified as male had a prevalence of mild depression (5-9) that was 1.7 times higher than those who identified as female. Whereas, those who identified as female had a prevalence that was 1.2 times higher for moderate to severe depression (10-19) and 4.7 times higher for severe depression (20-27) compared to males (p = 0.021). Non-United States citizens reported higher medical mistrust (mean value difference = 0.16) compared to United States citizens (p = 0.011). We found statistically significant differences in depression symptom severity based on gender, prevalence of depression, medical mistrust and stigma behavior across demographic factors within the sample.ConclusionThis study shows key variations across social determinant of mental health factors within the Black adult population. There is a need to better understand the heterogeneity within the Black population in order to improve the effectiveness of programs that seek to reduce mental health disparities.

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“…The Generalized Anxiety Disorder 2-item (GAD-2) is used to screen for generalised anxiety disorder (23). It is the short version of the Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item 24 To measure desire for social distance we used the intended behaviour subscale of the Reported and Intended Behaviour Scale (RIBS) (27), which consists of four items using a 5point Likert-scale (27). The questions cover whether individuals are willing to live with, work, live nearby or continue a relationship with someone experiencing a mental health problem (27).…”

Section: Measures Used As Covariatesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The total score is calculated by adding scores for each item; a higher score indicates less desire for social distance (27).…”

Section: Measures Used As Covariatesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The relationship between mental health self-efficacy and mental well-being in England, UK: A Cross-sectional study

Lemmel

Jones

Jolly

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background. Mental well-being is an essential concept in research and public health as it is recognised as an indicator of population mental health and quality of life. Previous studies have provided evidence that general self-efficacy is positively related to mental well-being. The aim of this study is to examine whether higher help-seeking self-efficacy and higher psychological well-being self-efficacy respectively, are associated with increased mental well-being.Methods. In this cross-sectional study 1795 adults from the general English population were recruited from a market research panel to fill out an online questionnaire between 24th September 2018 and 05th October 2018. Two simple linear regression analyses were used to investigate the relationship between each of help-seeking self-efficacy and psychological well-being self- efficacy as exposure variables and mental well-being as the outcome. Multiple imputation by chained equations was used to handle missing data.Results. No evidence was found for an association between either help-seeking self-efficacy or psychological well-being self-efficacy and mental well-being.Conclusions. These findings do not provide evidence that improving help-seeking or psychological well-being self-efficacy could lead to improving well-being. Methodological limitations, such as unmeasured confounders might be responsible for the lack of evidence in this study. Having a mental health condition is a potential negative confounder that might not have been measured adequately.

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Reported and Intended Behaviour Scale

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

Conditional Disclosure on Pathways to Care: Coping Preferences of Young People at Risk of Psychosis

Conditional Disclosure on Pathways to Care: Coping Preferences of Young People at Risk of Psychosis

Descriptive analysis of social determinant of mental health factors in an ethnically diverse Black adult population

The relationship between mental health self-efficacy and mental well-being in England, UK: A Cross-sectional study

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