Reported theory use in electronic health weight management interventions targeting young adults: a systematic review

Willmott, Taylor Jade; Pang, Bo; Rundle‐Thiele, Sharyn; Badejo, Abi

doi:10.1080/17437199.2019.1625280

Cited by 40 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 102 publications

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“…Furthermore, the interventions in these reviews were not deconstructed to examine which specific components or “active ingredients” were contributing to their effectiveness. There is a need to unpack the “black box” and clearly report how and when theory has been applied to better understand why interventions achieve or do not achieve the desired outcomes . A recent systematic review of 24 eHealth weight management interventions in young adults applied the theory coding scheme to explore the application and extent of reported theory use.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There is a need to unpack the “black box” and clearly report how and when theory has been applied to better understand why interventions achieve or do not achieve the desired outcomes . A recent systematic review of 24 eHealth weight management interventions in young adults applied the theory coding scheme to explore the application and extent of reported theory use. While this review did not explicitly compare which specific behaviour change techniques are attributed to effectiveness, it did show that most studies mentioned use of a theory and weight‐related outcomes may be enhanced when theoretical constructs are explicitly linked to an intervention technique …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Which behaviour change techniques within interventions to prevent weight gain and/or initiate weight loss improve adiposity outcomes in young adults? A systematic review and meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials

et al. 2020

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Young adulthood is associated with the highest rate of weight gain compared with any other adult age group. This review evaluates the effectiveness of interventions with adiposity outcomes among young adults and identifies which behaviour change techniques (BCTs) are most effective. BCT utilization was assessed using Michie's 93-item BCT Taxonomy v1. Six electronic databases were searched for randomized controlled trials assessing change in adiposity in young adults (17-35 years) until December 2019; identifying 21,582 articles. Fifty-one studies were included. Metaanalyses for weight (n=19 studies), body mass index (BMI) (n=20 studies), and waistcircumference (n=10 studies) demonstrated no significant between-group differences at ≤3 or >3 months. There were no differences between interventions focusing on weight loss or weight-gain prevention. Narrative synthesis showed significant between-group differences in weight change, favouring the intervention in 14/43 (33%) studies. In studies assessing BMI and waist circumference, this was 31% (11/36) and 25% (4/16). Two BCTs had a percentage effectiveness ratio >50% in weight loss interventions; social support (unspecified) and self-monitoring behaviour, and one in weight-gain prevention interventions; and goal-setting (outcome). Findings demonstrate initial potential for these types of BCTs and can help build cumulative evidence towards delivering effective, cost-efficient, and replicable interventions. K E Y W O R D S behaviour change, obesity, young adults

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Which behaviour change techniques within interventions to prevent weight gain and/or initiate weight loss improve adiposity outcomes in young adults? A systematic review and meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials

et al. 2020

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“…In the past, some social marketing studies have applied theory to test and explain certain behavior but also to inform and assist experts, researchers, or upstream decision makers’ selection process of a target behavior and to assist designing of an intervention (French & Russell-Bennett, 2015). However, a recent social marketing study (Willmott et al., 2019) detailed a framework that can be utilized to fully apply theory. This study demonstrates how theory application can be assessed across four domains: mentioning theory, applying theory in program creation, checking the quality of construct measurement, and refining theory for future research.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Outcome Evaluation of an Empirical Study: Food Waste Social Marketing Pilot

Kim

Rundle‐Thiele

Knox

et al. 2020

Social Marketing Quarterly

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Background: Evidence indicates behavior change is more likely when more social marketing benchmark principles are applied. Yet, transparent and clear reporting of the application of benchmarks to change behavior is rare. Focus of the Article: The aims of this study were (1) to verify the efficacy of social marketing in reducing food waste and (2) to enumerate and critique the practicality of applying social marketing benchmark criteria. Research Question: To address the research aims, two research questions were proposed: (1) Can a social marketing program designed with consumers reduce household food waste behavior? and (2) How are social marketing benchmarks applied to reduce food waste? Program Design/Approach: A consumer-insight driven social marketing program Waste Not Want Not (WNWN) was designed following the social marketing process and delivered to local Redland City Council residents located within the pilot area. This article reports a process and outcome evaluation for the pilot study and a critical evaluation of benchmark criteria application. Importance to the Social Marketing Field: This article demonstrates social marketing’s efficacy to reduce food waste behavior in households, and it critically evaluates application of benchmark criteria to assist future research and practice. Methods: In total, 314 local council area residents were randomly allocated into either a program ( n = 110) or control group ( n = 204). The program group received intervention materials and invitations to attend the 2-week program activities held in a local shopping center. Control group participants received nothing. The extent of social marketing benchmark application was examined for the WNWN program. Results: Outcome evaluation indicated that the pilot study reduced self-reported household food waste and increased perceived level of self-efficacy in cooking for the program group, but not the control group. WNWN successfully applied five of the eight social marketing benchmark criteria, namely, consumer orientation, insight, competition, marketing mix, and behavior change. Recommendations for Research or Practice: Given that use of more benchmarks increases the likelihood of behavior change, future research must advocate for complete application of the eight major social marketing benchmark criteria in program design. Clear operational definitions are required to improve practice and behavioral change outcomes. Limitations: Study 1 focused on individual feedback and self-reported data minimizing the possibility of generalization. Future research could employ observational methods and involve a wider array of stakeholders to increase generalizability.

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“…Similar scoring has previously been applied [46]. Similar to previous research using the TCS [47], this review scored each study as having a weak (0-7), moderate (8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15), or strong (16-23) use of theory. There was an initial 95% agreement of codes, which demonstrates an acceptable level of agreement.…”

Section: Methodological Qualitymentioning

confidence: 97%

Are dietary interventions with a behaviour change theoretical framework effective in changing dietary patterns? A systematic review

Timlin

McCormack²,

Kerr

et al. 2020

BMC Public Health

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Background The term ‘whole dietary pattern’ can be defined as the quantity, frequency, variety and combination of different foods and drinks typically consumed and a growing body of research supports the role of whole dietary patterns in influencing the risk of non-communicable diseases. For example, the ‘Mediterranean diet’, which compared to the typical Western diet is rich in fruits and vegetables, whole grains, and oily fish, is associated with reduced risk of cardiovascular disease and cancer. Social Cognition Models provide a basis for understanding the determinants of behaviour and are made up of behavioural constructs that interventions target to change dietary behaviour. The aim of this systematic review was to provide a comprehensive assessment of the effectiveness and use of psychological theory in dietary interventions that promote a whole dietary pattern. Methods We undertook a systematic review using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis to synthesize quantitative research studies found in Embase, Medline, PsycInfo, CINAHL and Web of Science. The studies included were randomised and non-randomised trials published in English, involving the implementation of a whole dietary pattern using a Social Cognition Model to facilitate this. Two independent reviewers searched the articles and extracted data from the articles. The quality of the articles was evaluated using Black and Down quality checklist and Theory Coding Scheme. Results Nine intervention studies met the criteria for inclusion. Data from studies reporting on individual food group scores indicated that dietary scores improved for at least one food group. Overall, studies reported a moderate application of the theory coding scheme, with poor reporting on fidelity. Conclusion To our knowledge, this is the first review to investigate psychological theory driven interventions to promote whole dietary patterns. This review found mixed results for the effectiveness of using psychological theory to promote whole dietary pattern consumption. However, the studies in this review scored mostly moderate on the theory coding scheme suggesting studies are not rigorously applying theory to intervention design. Few studies reported high on treatment fidelity, therefore, translation of research interventions into practice may further impact on effectiveness of intervention. Further research is needed to identify which behaviour change theory and techniques are most salient in dietary interventions.

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Reported theory use in electronic health weight management interventions targeting young adults: a systematic review

Cited by 40 publications

References 102 publications

Which behaviour change techniques within interventions to prevent weight gain and/or initiate weight loss improve adiposity outcomes in young adults? A systematic review and meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials

Which behaviour change techniques within interventions to prevent weight gain and/or initiate weight loss improve adiposity outcomes in young adults? A systematic review and meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials

Outcome Evaluation of an Empirical Study: Food Waste Social Marketing Pilot

Are dietary interventions with a behaviour change theoretical framework effective in changing dietary patterns? A systematic review

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