Representações sociais do cuidado prestado aos pacientes soropositivos ao HIV

Abstract

Trata-se de pesquisa qualitativa cujos objetivos foram identificar e comparar as representações sociais do cuidado de enfermagem ao paciente soropositivo ao HIV para profissionais de enfermagem. O cenário foi um hospital público universitário da cidade do Rio de Janeiro e os sujeitos 20 auxiliares de enfermagem e 20 enfermeiros. A coleta de dados deu-se através de entrevista semi-estruturada e a análise utilizou o software ALCESTE 4.7. Entre os auxiliares de enfermagem foram caracterizados conteúdos do cotidiano do cuidado de enfermagem prestado ao paciente com HIV/AIDS, enquanto os enfermeiros trouxeram conteúdos voltados a qualidade de vida. Concluiu-se que a representação social dos auxiliares de enfermagem encontra-se ancorada em elementos práticos do cotidiano do cuidado, enquanto os enfermeiros ancoram-se no conhecimento reificado.

Cuidado a mulheres envolvidas com drogas: representações sociais de enfermeiras

“…This finding is similar to the results of a research on the social representations of nursing professionals about the care for individuals with HIV (11) . The limitations that emerged in the second subcategory of Chart 1 are associated with evocations with high frequency in the central system -incompetence (12) and difficult (12) -and with the transition elements of social representations -prejudice, fear, vulnerability, intensified care, and exhausting.…”

“…However, these activities should also be geared to women involved with the problem of drugs, a theme which is surrounded by prejudice and discrimination that are part of the social representations about drugs (8)(9)(10) . As a result, nurses, while part of society, show many of these representations (11) . Social representations are constituted as conditions of practices, and these act as agents of transformation (12) .…”

Vulnerabilidade, empoderamento e conhecimento: memórias e representações de enfermeiros acerca do cuidado

“…For presenting a well branded representational field, positive or negative attitudes and a body of consolidated knowledge, vulnerability and empowerment present themselves as objects of representation, such as have been explored by other authorsFurthermore, this study reinforced the assumption that fragilities, which touch the human being, particularly the nurse when providing care to other human beings in vulnerable situations, were answered with attitudes, knowledge and practices whose goal was to move the subjects to a more favorable context, in which a greater degree of empowerment could be achieved. (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)9,(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16) Data highlight that knowledge maintains interfaces with vulnerability, with empowerment, with social representations of AIDS and of nursing care for patients with HIV. Even when dealing with distinct objects of representation, it is postulated that there was an intertwining of them, of complex configurations, and that it was susceptible to transformations consonant with interpersonal relationships among the social actors involved in daily healthcare and, more broadly, the geopolitical injunctions related to the AIDS phenomenon.…”

“…This data corroborates findings of other research. (5)(6)(7)8) However, the time in professional practice in the HIV/Aids area, the growing interest in a disease process that generates dependency in multiple domains of the human being, and acquisition of scientific knowledge available to the subjects over the years, especially in the media and professional courses offered by the institution, contributed to acceptance by the nurses, of the activity of providing healthcare to patients who were HIV seropositive, which embodied the representational content about a more favorable state of empowerment. In this direction, the search for knowledge, the increased interest in AIDS, and time of practice in this context (most of the subjects had 16 or more years of experience) were elements present in the representational construction of subjects as opponents to the power of fear, based on uncertainty and imminence of the perceived risk of contamination.…”

“…The reason for this sample size was the consensus existent within the Theory of Social Representations, being the minimum quantity to recover social representations in a group. (7)(8)(9) Professionals with less than six months of professional activity within the context of the chosen scenario were excluded. The reason for this was due to the time factor being configured as a determinant in the elaboration of social representations.…”