We study the variational structure of the complex k-Hessian equation on bounded domain X ⊂ C n with boundary M = ∂X. We prove that the Dirichlet problem σ k (∂ ∂u) = 0 in X, and u = f on M is variational and we give an explicit construction of the associated functional E k (u). Moreover we prove E k (u) satisfies the Dirichlet principle. In a special case when k = 2, our constructed functional E2(u) involves the Hermitian mean curvature of the boundary, the notion first introduced and studied by X. Wang [34]. Earlier work of J. Case and and the first author of this article [7] introduced a boundary operator for the (real) k-Hessian functional which satisfies the Dirichlet principle. The present paper shows that there is a parallel picture in the complex setting.