Representation of Engineering Geometry Development in “Geometry and Graphics” Journal

Spatial helical gears, worm gears with a cylindrical worm, globoid gears, etc., are widely used in most of modern engineering products [1-3; 37; 42]. Cylindrical worm gears are actively used in the creation of metalworking equipment (push mechanisms of rolling mills, presses, etc.), in lifting and transport machines, in drives and kinematic chains of various machine tool equipment where high kinematic accuracy is required (dividing machine tools, adjustment mechanisms), etc. In a worm gear a cylindrical worm or its cylindrical helical surface can be cut by various technological methods [49-51], but no matter how the shaping of the worm gear elements’ working surfaces is carried out, the worm wheel is cut with a gear cutting tool, whose producing surface coincides with the worm thread’s lateral surface [19; 22; 23]. In this regard, the working surface of the cylindrical worm wheel’s tooth, even with a non-orthogonal arrangement of axes, is an envelope of a one-parameter family of surfaces that gives a linear contact, which presence makes it possible to transfer a large load using a worm gear. For high-quality manufacturing of worm gears, it is necessary to design and manufacture a productive gear cutting tool - an accurate worm cutter, whose shaping (working) surface must be identical to the profiled worm’s shaping (working) surface [24-27; 54]. One of the most important tasks in the implementation of worm gearing is the problem of jamming of the cylindrical worm and the worm wheel’ contacting surfaces. This problem is excluded by relieving the contacting surfaces’ profile along the contact line. Considering that any violations of contacting surfaces’ geometric parameters affect the change in their geometric characteristics, the tasks of accurately determining the adjustment parameters of the technological equipment, used for shaping the worm and worm wheel, enter into in the foreground of the worm gearing elements production. In modern conditions of plant and equipment obsolescence, and in particular, of gear cutting machines used for worm gears manufacture, these machines physical wear, implies an inevitable decrease in the accuracy of their kinematic chains. Therefore, in order to maintain the produced gears’ quality at a sufficiently high level, it is necessary to use deliberate modification of contacting surfaces when calculating the worm gearing’s geometric parameters; such modification reduces the worm gear sensitivity to manufacturing and mounting errors of its elements [28-31].

Calculation of the coordinates of the modified profile of the generating surface of the gear cutting tool

Ryazanov

Решетников

2021

Features of Distance Learning in Geometric and Graphic Disciplines Using Methods of Constructive Geometric Modeling

Boyashova¹

2021

The article is devoted to the peculiarities of teaching the discipline "Descriptive geometry" in the conditions of distance learning, it examines the application of information technologies in the educational process in geometric and graphic disciplines. Increasing the speed of information processes, reducing the number of hours for mastering the discipline. the conditions of distance learning set new tasks for teachers and dictate their requirements for teaching graphic disciplines and the use of teaching experience in a new reality; there is a need to introduce and develop new forms of education without losing the quality of education. Geometric-graphic disciplines occupy one of the important places in technical education, the complexity of the study of which lies in the development of a graphical representation of phenomena, objects and processes by methods of constructive geometric modeling. The knowledge and skills acquired by students contribute to the development of spatial, imaginative and rational thinking, which is necessary for future professional activities. Descriptive geometry is a discipline that is not easy to master on your own without a conscious understanding of the logic and sequence of geometric constructions, without deep knowledge of theoretical foundations and constant, repeated implementation of practical tasks. The acquisition of practical skills in mastering the methods of discipline has become more difficult in the current epidemiological situation. In modern conditions of distance learning, the use of the Simplex geometric modeling system made it possible to develop and propose a new concept of geometric-graphic interaction, which significantly reduced the time for completing and checking educational tasks in real time. The proposed technology reveals the deep informational essence of the studied discipline "Descriptive Geometry" and becomes a powerful research tool for students. The integration of traditional teaching methods in the graphic preparation of students with computer and communication facilities increases the possibilities of communication and improves the quality of teaching.

Frame-By-Frame Animation in Teaching Descriptive Geometry

Paliy

2023

The paper presents using of frame-by-frame animation of geometric constructions in the course "Descriptive Geometry" to present educational graphic material in a more accessible and visual form for students. Electronic support of descriptive geometry classes used at the Department of Engineering Graphics at Bauman Moscow State Technical University made in the technique of frame-by-frame animation in the format of presentations and electronic text publications is presented. The technique of creating frame-by-frame animation is described. Geometric constructions are performed using computer graphics systems, in layers; each layer contains one step of construction. When layers are showed on alternately, a number of graphic files are created, which are inserted in a certain sequence on presentation slides or on the pages of an electronic text publication. During the demonstration, a visualization of the course of geometric constructions is created on the screen. Teachers when giving lectures and practical classes use electronic support of classes, made in the format of presentations to demonstrate the course material on the screen in the classroom. The presentations contain graphic material in the technique of frame-by-frame animation and minimal text material; the teacher gives the necessary explanations. Electronic support of classes, made in the form of an electronic educational visual aid, is used for independent work of students. Unlike classroom presentations, in an electronic educational visual aid, the animation of geometric constructions is accompanied by a text step-by-step description of the sequence of solving geometric problems. The main advantage of using electronic training software made in frame-by-frame animation technology compared to traditional software is the visibility and the ability to consistently, step by step, understanding the course of graphic constructions, with the ability to go back and repeat the sequence at any stage.