Representation of high‐dimensional solid‐liquid phase diagrams of ionic systems

Thermodynamics of salt lake system: Representation, experiments, and visualization

“…The number of independent coordinates F required for complete graphical representation of the isothermal‐isobaric phase behavior of electrolytic systems is given as:21, 22 where m represents the number of simple cations present in the system, n the number of simple anions, and i the number of non‐dissociating molecular species or solvents. The term “simple ions” refers to those ions that cannot undergo any further dissociation in the solution to form other ions and for our model salt lake system includes all ions present.…”

“…This implies that we cannot plot on paper the phase behavior in its entirety. However, it is still possible to generate various cuts and projections of the high dimensional phase diagram and plot them on paper 21–23. A projection is produced by not explicitly plotting the effect of one or more intensive variables on the phase behavior whereas a cut is generated by plotting the phase behavior at fixed values of one or more intensive variables.…”

Visualization of high‐dimensional phase diagrams of molecular and ionic mixtures

“…As an illustration of the use of canonical coordinates, Figure 1 depicts a plot of a hypothetical isobaric, isothermal SLE phase diagram of this system in mole fraction coordinates ( X , -X , -X , ) showing all the saturation varieties. The procedurcs for theoretical identification and calculation of such varieties are available elsewhere (Samant et al, 2000;Samant and Ng, 2001) and will not be discussed here. Notice that the diagram takes the form of a triangular prism (Figure la).…”

“…Such coordinates have been proposed for molecular systems (Ung and Doherty, 1995;Espinosa et al, 1996;PCrez Cisneros et al, 1997), as well as for ionic systems Corrcspondcncc cmccrning this articlc should be addressed to K. M. Ng. (Samant and Ng, 2001). Traditionally, the transformed coordinates are expressed in terms of mole fractions for molecular systems and in ionic molalities for ionic systems.…”

Hanford Supplemental Treatment: Literature and Modeling Review of SRS HLW Salt Dissolution and Fractional Crystallization

“…Interpretation of high-dimensional (multicomponent) phase diagrams are described by Ng and coworkers (Samant 2001;). …”