Representations, Metaphors and Meanings of the Term “Handicap” in France

Giami, Alain; Korpès, Jean-Louis; Lavigne, Chantal

doi:10.1080/15017410701680712

Cited by 10 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Only priming participants with the disability stereotype reduced their manual dexterity, suggesting that persons with disability may be viewed as "clumsy." This interpretation is consistent with the assumption that physical limitations are a central dimension of the image of disability, despite referencing disability to a large range of problems and dysfunctions of various kinds, affecting motor skills or not (Giami, Korpes, & Lavigne, 2007).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 85%

Priming of Disability and Elderly Stereotype in Motor Performance: Similar or Specific Effects?

2012

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In three experimental studies, the effects of priming participants with the disability stereotype were investigated with respect to their subsequent motor performance. Also explored were effects of activating two similar stereotypes, persons with a disability and elderly people. In Study 1, participants were primed with the disability stereotype versus with a neutral prime, and then asked to perform on a motor coordination task. In Studies 2 and 3, a third condition was introduced: priming participants with the elderly stereotype. Results indicated that priming participants with the disability stereotype altered their motor performance: they showed decreased manual dexterity and performed slower than the non-primed participants. Priming with the elderly stereotype decreased only performance speed. These findings underline that prime-to-behavior effects may depend on activation of specific stereotype content.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 85%

Priming of Disability and Elderly Stereotype in Motor Performance: Similar or Specific Effects?

2012

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“…Hence, in these laws the idea of a difference from a norm, a measurable gap or deficit that causes inferioritya handicapwhich should be compensated in order to make people economically productive again, played a central role (Stiker, 2003(Stiker, , 2014Winance et al, 2007). This made the term 'handicap' quite operational in France (Calvez, 2007), where it is still used (Giami, Korpes, & Lavigne, 2007), although it has become offensive in the international context 2 .…”

Section: The Legal Innovation Process For Disability In Francementioning

confidence: 99%

From one new law to (many) new practices? Multidisciplinary teams re‐constructing the meaning of a new disability law

Caillaud

Haas

Castro

2020

British J Social Psychol

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This paper explores how a new French law incorporating a new conceptualization of disability formulated at the international level by the WHO is appropriated at the local level by multidisciplinary teams of professionals in charge of the assessment of disability. Drawing on social representations theory, its concept of cognitive polyphasia and its conceptualization of legal innovation, the paper specifically examines how the teams deal with the tensions between the old and the new models of disability and how the group dynamic is associated with how they do this: by hybridization of old and new models, by selective prevalence according to context, or by displacement of one model. Focus groups with the teams (n = 65 from 10 groups), analysed with indicators of interaction, bring evidence of the three forms. They show how different groups, by drawing differently, depending on their relational dynamics, from a variety of meaning systems circulating at the cultural level, reach different decisions that may lead to different practices in the local implementation of the same laws. We finish by discussing how social representations theory, linking the cultural/global and the interactional/local levels, can enhance our understanding of how socio-psychological processes intervening in the appropriation of legal innovations may produce different practical implementations of the same new laws.

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“…This contribution focuses on stereotypes toward people with physical disabilities, aiming at further investigating the role of stereotype activation on performance. As noted by Giami Korpès, and Lavigne () and by Olkin and Pledger (), people with physical impairments are subject to a wide range of beliefs and societal problems, not all of which concern physical abilities and thus tangibly affect motor skills and performance. In the same way, we consider that ideomotor theory is not sufficient to account for all the consequences of stereotype activation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is disability really an obstacle to success? Impact of a disability simulation on motivation and performance

Cohen

Schiffler

Rohmer

et al. 2019

J Applied Social Pyschol

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In Western societies, statistics on the integration of people with disabilities into the labor market consistently indicate that this category of workers faces serious discrimination. Research has evidenced negative perceptions about their occupational skills, despite positive beliefs about their personal qualities. The main purpose of this study was to show how these subjective beliefs about disability can shape performance (speed and accuracy, Studies 1, 3, and 4) and self‐reported motivation (Studies 2, 3, and 4) of able‐bodied persons simulating a disability. Participants were 281 French students without disabilities who carried out a task either with or without a simulated disability. This simulated disability constituted an actual handicap to perform the task (Studies 1 and 2) or not (Studies 3 and 4). The first three studies were focused on cognitive abilities, whereas Study 4 introduced a job interview component. Results consistently showed that participants in the simulated disability situation completed the task more accurately than controls, but took more time to do so. Higher degrees of motivation and perseverance are found for participants in the simulated disability situation, except in a job interview setting. These results are important for understanding how subjective beliefs about persons with disabilities can constitute objective barriers to social participation, and more specifically, to access to the labor market.

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Representations, Metaphors and Meanings of the Term “Handicap” in France

Cited by 10 publications

References 11 publications

Priming of Disability and Elderly Stereotype in Motor Performance: Similar or Specific Effects?

Priming of Disability and Elderly Stereotype in Motor Performance: Similar or Specific Effects?

From one new law to (many) new practices? Multidisciplinary teams re‐constructing the meaning of a new disability law

Is disability really an obstacle to success? Impact of a disability simulation on motivation and performance

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