Reproducibility of effects of homeopathically potentised gibberellic acid on the growth of Lemna gibba L. in a randomised and blinded bioassay

Abstract

Gibbosity seems to be a necessary condition for reactivity of L. gibba to potentised GA3. Further still unknown conditions seem to govern effect direction and the pattern of active and inactive potency levels. When designing new reproducibility studies, the physiological state of the test organism must be considered. Variability might be an interesting parameter to investigate effects of homeopathic remedies in basic research.

Homeopathy: Curative, Concurrent and Supportive Cancer Treatment Potential

“…Increased homeopathic treatment potentization procedure standardization is necessary for realistic attempts at reproducibility trials [46]. If consistently prepared remedies are available, corroborating in vivo breast cancer trials for the PBHRF standalone ultramolecular glioma treatment protocol, Ruta graveolens 6c and Calcerea phosphorica 3X.…”

Reproducibility of the effects of homeopathically potentised Argentum nitricum on the growth of Lemna gibba L. in a randomised and blinded bioassay

“…9,15 In a former study with the Lemna bioassay, the growth state gibbosity was identified as a necessary factor for the responsiveness of L. gibba to a treatment with potencies of gibberellic acid. 17 In the present investigation with A. nitricum potencies, we did not predefine gibbosity as a possibly critical parameter, because its relevance was unknown during the planning and the experimental phase of the current study. Correspondingly, a possible influence of gibbosity on the responsiveness of L. gibba to the homeopathic treatment had to be assessed a posteriori using the growth-state protocols.…”

“…This study was carried out to investigate the intralaboratory reproducibility of homeopathic basic research using the L. gibba bioassay. After investigating reproducibility of the effects of gibberellic acid potencies, 11,12,17 we were interested in the reproducibility of the effects of potentized A. nitricum, which Scherr et al had observed in their study published in 2009. 11,12 Using an ANOVA model, Scherr et al found a significant interaction between the two independent factors (1) ExpNr and (2) treatment with potencies of A. nitricum (14xe30x) in a series of six independent experiments.…”

“…By investigating reproducibility of the study by Scherr et al 12 regarding the effects of potentised gibberellic acid on growth of duckweed (Lemna gibba L.), Majewsky et al identified gibbosity, a specific growth state, of L. gibba as an essential condition for duckweed's responsiveness to homeopathic treatment with gibberellic acid potencies. 17 Duckweed (Lemna gibba L.) is a small, monocotyledonous water plant, which grows vegetatively and exponentially under specific laboratory conditions by developing daughter fronds (leaf-like structures) out of the pouches of the mother fronds. This enables working with a high number of genetically identical cultures at the same time or over a long period of time.…”

“…In an additional a posteriori subgroup analysis, we analysed the relevance of the specific growth stage gibbosity on the experimental outcome, since in another investigation it was observed that gibbosity plays a decisive role for responsiveness of duckweed to potentised gibberellic acid. 17…”