Reproduction of the<i>Escherichia coli</i>peritonitis syndrome in laying hens

Landman, W. J. M.; Heuvelink, A.E.; Eck, J. H. H. van

doi:10.1080/03079457.2013.775694

Cited by 42 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Using the E. coli isolate obtained from a swollen spleen and the Blastocystis spp. inoculum containing high numbers of E. coli bacteria, the E. coli peritonitis syndrome was induced as has been described earlier (Landman et al, 2013).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Granuloma disease in flocks of productive layers caused by Tetratrichomonas gallinarum

et al. 2016

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In 2013, seven outbreaks of granuloma disease occurred in Dutch flocks of productive layers housed on different farms. These outbreaks were characterized by increased mortality and high incidence of granulomas, mainly in caeca (340/408 hens = 83%) and livers (69/408 hens = 17%). Mortality started to increase between 21 and 35 weeks of age and reached 3.7% to 11.0% exceeding the breeder's norm in periods ranging from 9 to 48 weeks. Some flocks also showed decreased egg production and/or loss of mean egg weight. All affected flocks were linked to one rearing farm, which therefore seemed to be the source of the disease. However, no signs of disease had been observed at this rearing farm. Sentinel hens placed in one of the affected flocks to determine whether the disease had an infectious nature developed granulomas identical to those seen in the outbreaks. Next, by fulfilling Koch's postulates it was shown that Tetratrichomonas gallinarum was the aetiological agent of the granuloma disease. The condition was reproduced in mature specified pathogen free White Leghorn hens (GD - Animal Health, Deventer, the Netherlands) by inoculation via both an artificial and a natural route with a well-defined axenic T. gallinarum isolate obtained from one of the affected flocks. Other causes of granuloma disease were excluded.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Granuloma disease in flocks of productive layers caused by Tetratrichomonas gallinarum

et al. 2016

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“…Escherichia coli is another γ‐proteobacteria present in the chicken intestine at low abundance throughout the life of the animal. Some E. coli strains are capable of causing opportunistic secondary infections in birds following other respiratory tract pathogens such as infectious bronchitis virus or Mycoplasma gallisepticum (Smith et al ., ; Gross, ) in response to high ammonia levels in poultry houses, or physiological changes in its avian host such as egg peritonitis or salpingitis in response to egg laying (Landman et al ., ). Unlike E. coli pathotypes that cause disease in other animal species, there is no clear set of virulence genes possessed by avian pathogenic E. coli (APEC) (Schouler et al ., ).…”

Section: Roles and Importance Of Human And Chicken Pathogensmentioning

confidence: 97%

The chicken gastrointestinal microbiome

Oakley

Lillehoj

Kogut

et al. 2014

FEMS Microbiol Lett

579

484

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The domestic chicken is a common model organism for human biological research and of course also forms the basis of a global protein industry. Recent methodological advances have spurred the recognition of microbiomes as complex communities with important influences on the health and disease status of the host. In this minireview, we provide an overview of the current state of knowledge of the chicken gastrointestinal microbiome focusing on spatial and temporal variability, the presence and importance of human pathogens, the influence of the microbiota on the immune system, and the importance of the microbiome for poultry nutrition. Review and meta-analysis of public data showed cecal communities dominated by Firmicutes and Bacteroides at the phylum level, while at finer levels of taxonomic resolution, a phylogenetically diverse assemblage of microorganisms appears to have similar metabolic functions that provide important benefits to the host as inferred from metagenomic data. This observation of functional redundancy may have important implications for management of the microbiome. We foresee advances in strategies to improve gut health in commercial operations through management of the intestinal microbiota as an alternative to in-feed subtherapeutic antibiotics, improvements in pre- and probiotics, improved management of polymicrobial poultry diseases, and better control of human pathogens via colonization reduction or competitive exclusion strategies.

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“…The uptake of aerosolized E. coli was calculated as described (Landman et al, 2013) using a ventilation volume of 30 l/hen/hour, which was estimated based on the minute ventilation rate of White Leghorn hens (261 ml/min/kg) (Gleeson et al, 1985) and ranged from 10 5.8 to 10 6.5 cfu/hen (Table 2).…”

Section: E Coli Autogenous Vaccinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Flock and house associations are often observed with recurrent outbreaks within the same flock and in successive flocks in the same house. The disease has been observed in the USA and many European countries including the Netherlands from mid-1990s onwards (Dhillon & Jack, 1996;Zanella et al, 2000;Vandekerchove et al, 2004;Landman & Cornelissen, 2006;Raviv et al, 2007;Landman et al, 2013;Landman et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although the pathogenesis of EPS is largely unknown, this condition was recently successfully induced in egg-producing commercial brown layers by exposure of the hens to E. coli (chicken/NL/Dev/ SP01404Cou/05) isolated from the bone marrow of a dead brown layer with EPS, by both artificial (intravenous and intraperitoneal) and natural infection routes (intratracheal, aerosol and intravaginal). Air transmission of EPS-inducing E. coli strains seemed to be the most important route, although the intravaginal route could not be ruled out (Landman et al, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The efficacy of inactivated Escherichia coli autogenous vaccines against the E. coli peritonitis syndrome in layers

Landman

Eck

2017

Avian Pathology

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Autogenous Escherichia coli vaccines to prevent the E. coli peritonitis syndrome (EPS) in laying hens are often used in the field, although their effectiveness has not been demonstrated yet. Therefore, in this study, which consisted of two experiments, their efficacy was assessed. In the first experiment, the EPS-inducing ability of three E. coli isolates originating from bone marrow of hens that died due to EPS and with different Pulsed-Field Gel Electrophoresis patterns, was examined by intravenous inoculation of the isolates in 17-week-old brown layers. Based on the results one isolate was chosen for the preparation of the vaccines and for homologous challenge and another one for heterologous challenge performed in the second experiment. In the named experiment, groups of laying hens which had been vaccinated intramuscularly at 14 and 18 weeks of age with inactivated vaccine either formulated as aqueous suspension or as water-in-oil emulsion were homologously or heterologously challenged per aerosol at 30 weeks of age. The vaccines contained ≥10 formaldehyde-inactivated colony-forming units (cfu) of E. coli per hen dose in 0.5 ml. The estimated E. coli challenge dose uptake ranged from 10 to 10 cfu per hen. Groups consisted of 18 hens each and were housed in separate isolators from 27 weeks of age. Control groups were included in this experiment, which was ended eight days after challenge. Vaccinations had no effect on body growth and both vaccine types induced (almost) complete protection against homologous challenge, while protection against heterologous challenge was inconclusive.

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Reproduction of theEscherichia coliperitonitis syndrome in laying hens

Cited by 42 publications

References 18 publications

Granuloma disease in flocks of productive layers caused by Tetratrichomonas gallinarum

Granuloma disease in flocks of productive layers caused by Tetratrichomonas gallinarum

The chicken gastrointestinal microbiome

The efficacy of inactivated Escherichia coli autogenous vaccines against the E. coli peritonitis syndrome in layers

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