Reproduction of the Sandbar Shark in the Western North Atlantic Ocean and Gulf of Mexico

Baremore, Ivy E.; Hale, Loraine F.

doi:10.1080/19425120.2012.700904

Cited by 38 publications

(60 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Similarly, although female Great Hammerhead Sharks Sphyrna mokarran in northern Australian waters exhibited relatively synchronous reproductive cycles, variability was observed in the timing of mating and ovulation, suggesting that ovulation could take place over an extended period (∼6 months; Stevens and Lyle 1989). Baremore and Hale (2012) reported variability in the reproductive cycle of the Sandbar Shark by documenting postpartum females from April to September and females with sperm present in their uteri from April to August. Thus, variability in the reproductive cycle of carcharhinid sharks may be more common than previously documented; however, the source of this variability needs further investigation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Researchers have speculated that this short opportunistic window evolved to maximize the reproductive success of these species by increasing the survival of the young (Castro 2009). Despite the general acceptance of this view of carcharhinid reproductive strategy, the information on which it is based has been obtained from only a few species, largely ones from the temperate waters of the western North Atlantic Ocean, including the Atlantic Sharpnose Shark (Parsons 1983;Loefer and Sedberry 2003), Blacktip Shark Carcharhinus limbatus (Castro 1996), Finetooth Shark (Castro 1993), Blacknose Shark (Driggers et al 2004;Sulikowski et al 2007), Sandbar Shark C. plumbeus (Baremore and Hale 2012), and Bonnethead Sphyrna tiburo (Parsons 1993). In addition, several of these studies have lacked sample sizes and intervals adequate to fully assess the potential reproductive patterns and/or anomalies that could exist within a population.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Variability in the Reproductive Biology of the Atlantic Sharpnose Shark in the Gulf of Mexico

et al. 2013

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The reproductive biology of the Atlantic Sharpnose Shark Rhizoprionodon terraenovae in the Gulf of Mexico was investigated by examining 1,306 specimens (693 females, 613 males) collected from the Florida Keys to waters off Brownsville, Texas. The results of this study confirm the annual reproductive cycle established for this species; however, there was a significant amount of variability within the cycle. Ovulatory and postovulatory females were present from March to October, indicating that mating and ovulation were occurring over a more protracted period than previously described (e.g., May to July). The occurrence of postpartum females from April to September, the varying sizes of the embryos across several months, and the occurrence of mature spermatozoa in the testes of adults from March to November also corroborate the evidence of reproductive plasticity in this species. This observed variability in the reproductive cycle indicates that the Gulf of Mexico Atlantic Sharpnose Shark population is not completely synchronous in regards to mating, ovulation, and parturition, as a portion of the population is demonstrating reproductive asynchrony. Although the cause of this asynchrony remains unclear, it may be related to the environmental conditions of the Gulf of Mexico, which could provide water temperatures that are optimal for the reproduction of this species through much of the year (i.e., March to October), resulting in a protracted reproductive cycle. Given the results of the current study, the reproductive cycles of other carcharhinid species in this region should be examined in more detail to determine whether there is asynchrony in them as well, as this phenomenon could impact future management strategies.Received October 26, 2012; accepted March 5, 2013

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variability in the Reproductive Biology of the Atlantic Sharpnose Shark in the Gulf of Mexico

et al. 2013

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“…All Blacktip Sharks were assigned a stage based on their reproductive characteristics (Walker 2005;Baremore and Hale 2012). stages were based on measurements and qualitative examination of the gonads.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reproduction of the Blacktip Shark in the Gulf of Mexico

Baremore

Passerotti

2013

Mar Coast Fish

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Reproductive and age data were collected for Blacktip Sharks Carcharhinus limbatus in the Gulf of Mexico from fishery‐dependent and ‐independent sources from 2006 to 2011 for stock assessment. A total of 757 Blacktip Sharks were sampled for reproductive analysis (399 females, 358 males), of which 741 were aged. Additional length and age data from a previous age and growth study on Blacktip Sharks in the Gulf of Mexico (207 females, 161 males) were incorporated into the size‐ and age‐at‐maturity analyses. The results indicated that Blacktip Sharks in the Gulf of Mexico have a synchronous, seasonal reproductive cycle and that females exhibit a biennial ovarian cycle. Male and female mating and parturition peaked from March to May. Length at 50% maturity was estimated to be 105.8 and 119.2 cm FL for males and females, respectively, while age at 50% maturity was calculated as 4.8 and 6.3 years. Near‐term pups averaged 38 cm FL, and gestation was approximately 12 months. Litter size was 4.5 pups per female, and fecundity was found to increase with both maternal size and age. Maternal body size—but not age—had a positive influence on offspring fitness. This represents the first comprehensive reproductive study of Blacktip Sharks in the Gulf of Mexico. Received October 1, 2012; accepted December 5, 2012

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“…In the WNA, young are approximately 47 cm (FL) at birth (Springer 1960;Castro 1993a;Sminkey and Musick 1995;Cortés 2000;Baremore and Hale 2012), and litter sizes average nine sharks (Springer 1960;Clark and von Schmidt 1965;Sminkey and Musick 1996;Cortés 2000;Baremore and Hale 2012). Due to the advanced development of the pups, a long gestation period of approximately 9-12 months is required (Springer 1960;Clark and von Schmidt 1965;Lawler 1976;Baremore and Hale 2012). Maturity in both males and females has been estimated to occur between 12 and 30 years of age 190 ROMINE ET AL. at lengths of approximately 148-155 cm FL (Springer 1960;Casey et al 1985;Sminkey and Musick 1995;Baremore and Hale 2012).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…These estimates were the first to use reproductive analysis of directly aged Sandbar Sharks in the WNA. In short, age-at-maturity estimates for Sandbar Sharks in the WNA have ranged from 12 to 30 years since 1985, with the most recent estimates being those estimated by Baremore and Hale (2012). Andrews et al (2011) used bomb-radiocarbon aging of five individual Sandbar Sharks to verify the annual periodicity of band pair formation in vertebral centra.…”

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confidence: 99%

Compensatory Growth of the Sandbar Shark in the Western North Atlantic Including the Gulf of Mexico

Romine

Musick²,

Johnson³

2013

Mar Coast Fish

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The number of Sandbar Sharks Carcharhinus plumbeus in the western North Atlantic Ocean has experienced a drastic decline since the early 1980s, reaching a minimum during the early 1990s. Catch rates in the early 1990s were a mere 25% of those during the 1980s. According to several fishery‐independent surveys, the low point in Sandbar Shark abundance followed a period of high exploitation. Growth models fit to age–length data collected from 1980 to 1983 and from 2001 to 2004 were compared to investigate potential changes in parameter estimates that might reveal compensatory responses in the Sandbar Shark population. Statistical differences were found between the model parameters for the two time periods, but the differences in growth rates were minimal. The parameters from the three‐parameter von Bertalanffy growth model for female sharks during the 1980–1983 and 2000–2004 time periods were as follows: L∞ = 188.4 and 178.3 cm FL; k = 0.084 and 0.106; and t 0 = −4.097 and −3.41. For males the growth parameters were as follows: L∞ = 164.63 and 173.66 cm; k = 0.11 and 0.11; and t 0 = −3.62 and −3.33. The estimated age at 50% maturity for female Sandbar Sharks changed from 15 years to 12.49 years between the two time periods. Received December 21, 2012; accepted March 28, 2013

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Reproduction of the Sandbar Shark in the Western North Atlantic Ocean and Gulf of Mexico

Cited by 38 publications

References 27 publications

Variability in the Reproductive Biology of the Atlantic Sharpnose Shark in the Gulf of Mexico

Variability in the Reproductive Biology of the Atlantic Sharpnose Shark in the Gulf of Mexico

Reproduction of the Blacktip Shark in the Gulf of Mexico

Compensatory Growth of the Sandbar Shark in the Western North Atlantic Including the Gulf of Mexico

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