Reproduction of the sea urchin<i>Evechinus chloroticus</i>(Echinodermata: Echinoidea) in a New Zealand fiord

Lamare, Miles D.; Brewin, Paul E.; Barker, Mike; Wing, Stephen R.

doi:10.1080/00288330.2002.9517125

Cited by 38 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…The stained specimens were observed, and pictures were taken under a compound microscope (Nikon Eclipse E200, Japan). Gonad development stages of black sea urchins were examined according to the method described by Lamare, Brewin, Barker, and Wing (2002) and Nhan, Nhu, and Thao (2019).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of dietary arachidonic acid on final maturation, spawning and composition of gonad of black sea urchin Diadema setosum (Leske, 1778)

et al. 2020

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This study investigated the effect of dietary arachidonic acid (ARA, 20:4n‐6) on final maturation, spawning performance and composition of the gonad of black sea urchin (Diadema setosum). Four different dietary ARA levels of 0.3 g/kg (Control diet), 1.4 g/kg (ARA 1.4), 2.5 g/kg (ARA 2.5) and 3.7 g/kg (ARA 3.7) were prepared and tested in this feeding trial for 90 days. The result showed that growth in terms of weight was not relatively affected by dietary ARA. Gonadosomatic Index (GSI) of animals were gradually increased in all the diets throughout the trial. The highest GSI level (25.7 ± 3.16%) was observed in animals fed with the diet ARA 1.4. ARA content in the gonad proportionally increased with dietary ARA levels. The highest larval survival rate (85.5 ± 5.67%) was found in diet ARA 2.5. The results of this study indicate that ARA plays an important role in the reproduction functions of black sea urchin and supplementing an appropriate level of ARA in the broodstock diet could induce the final maturation and improve reproduction of black sea urchin, but a higher level of ARA (3.7 g/kg) seems to have a negative effect on both growth rate and GSI.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of dietary arachidonic acid on final maturation, spawning and composition of gonad of black sea urchin Diadema setosum (Leske, 1778)

et al. 2020

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“…The commercial, recreational, and customary fisheries are currently managed under the Quota Management System (QMS) with a maximum annual harvest (including commercial, cultural, and recreational) of 1902 t nationwide (Fisheries New Zealand, 2021). Kina roe quality and GSI are typically highest in austral spring–summer, prior to spawning (Barker, 2020; Dix, 1970; Lamare et al, 2002; Walker, 1982), and this is consequently when most of the harvest occurs (Miller & Abraham, 2011). Commercial harvest is mostly sold in the domestic market because high variability and relatively poor roe quality compared to other species have precluded export to high‐end international markets (McShane et al, 1994; Miller & Abraham, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sea urchin roe quality within urchin barrens and improvement through kelp restoration

Miller,

Balemi,

Blain

et al. 2024

Ecosphere

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Sea urchin overgrazing is a major cause of kelp loss and consequently sea urchin removal is frequently promoted as a tool for restoring kelp in urchin barrens. While many sea urchin species support high‐end roe fisheries, roe condition is generally lower in barrens than in kelp forests due to reduced food availability. Understanding how roe condition varies between kelp and barren habitats, and in response to kelp restoration, is key to developing effective, culturally and socially acceptable approaches to sea urchin removal and for assessing the potential benefits of kelp restoration. We assessed whether sea urchin roe quality within urchin barrens in northeastern Aotearoa New Zealand can be sufficient for harvest, and whether sea urchin removal can ultimately enhance urchin roe condition (by increasing food quality and quantity). We monitored roe condition (roe weight and gonadosomatic index [GSI]) in kelp forest and urchin barrens monthly for one year at two sites, and quarterly over two years at four sites following large‐scale (1.6–2 ha) sea urchin removal from urchin barrens. While roe condition was generally lower in barrens, the magnitude of this difference varied seasonally and among sites. Sea urchin roe quality within barrens was sufficient for commercial harvest (GSI ≥ 6%) during spring–summer at three sites. Following large‐scale sea urchin removal, kelp and fucoid density increased over two years (~9–58 plants m−2), but remained low in barren control areas. Although variable, sea urchins from removal areas (restored kelp) typically showed increased GSI, roe weight, and improved roe color within nine months following removal. These results suggest that, at some locations, harvest may provide a viable method for removing urchins from urchin barrens for kelp restoration purposes. However, to ensure sea urchin densities are reduced and maintained below the critical levels needed to achieve restoration outcomes, strategic approaches with critical evaluation of methods are required. Furthermore, we demonstrate that effectively removing urchins and promoting kelp recovery can ultimately improve urchin roe quality.

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Possible effects of global environmental changes on Antarctic benthos: a synthesis across five major taxa

Ingels

Vanreusel

Brandt

et al. 2012

Ecology and Evolution

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Because of the unique conditions that exist around the Antarctic continent, Southern Ocean (SO) ecosystems are very susceptible to the growing impact of global climate change and other anthropogenic influences. Consequently, there is an urgent need to understand how SO marine life will cope with expected future changes in the environment. Studies of Antarctic organisms have shown that individual species and higher taxa display different degrees of sensitivity to environmental shifts, making it difficult to predict overall community or ecosystem responses. This emphasizes the need for an improved understanding of the Antarctic benthic ecosystem response to global climate change using a multitaxon approach with consideration of different levels of biological organization. Here, we provide a synthesis of the ability of five important Antarctic benthic taxa (Foraminifera, Nematoda, Amphipoda, Isopoda, and Echinoidea) to cope with changes in the environment (temperature, pH, ice cover, ice scouring, food quantity, and quality) that are linked to climatic changes. Responses from individual to the taxon-specific community level to these drivers will vary with taxon but will include local species extinctions, invasions of warmer-water species, shifts in diversity, dominance, and trophic group composition, all with likely consequences for ecosystem functioning. Limitations in our current knowledge and understanding of climate change effects on the different levels are discussed.

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Reproduction of the sea urchinEvechinus chloroticus(Echinodermata: Echinoidea) in a New Zealand fiord

Cited by 38 publications

References 25 publications

Effects of dietary arachidonic acid on final maturation, spawning and composition of gonad of black sea urchin Diadema setosum (Leske, 1778)

Effects of dietary arachidonic acid on final maturation, spawning and composition of gonad of black sea urchin Diadema setosum (Leske, 1778)

Sea urchin roe quality within urchin barrens and improvement through kelp restoration

Possible effects of global environmental changes on Antarctic benthos: a synthesis across five major taxa

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