Reproduction of wild Japanese macaque females of Yakushima and Kinkazan Islands: A preliminary report

Takahata, Yukio; Suzuki, Shigeru; Agetsuma, Naoki; Okayasu, Naobi; Sugiura, Hideki; Takahashi, Hiroyuki; Yamagiwa, Juichi; Izawa, Kosei; Furuichi, Takeshi; Hill, David A.; Maruhashi, Tamaki; Saito, Chiemi; Saito, Shizue; Sprague, David S.

doi:10.1007/bf02573082

Cited by 80 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…The proportion of M-troop females conceived in the 1984 mating season was similar to that of Atroop females. The average birth rate of 0.27 between 1974 and 1993 (Takahata et al, 1998) also suggested that the conception rate in M-troop during the study was not low at all. All the three females who gave live births in the next birth season became pregnant by 23 October, which agreed with the tendency that Yakushima macaque females conceive in early half of the mating season, i.e., between Septem berand November with the peak in October.…”

Section: Troop Takeoversmentioning

confidence: 67%

Contrast of Estrus in Accordance with Social Contexts Between Two Troops of Wild Japanese Macaques on Yakushima.

Okayasu¹

2001

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I observed estrus in two adjacent troops (A-troop and M-troop) of wild Yakushima macaques during the 1984 mating season. A-troop females showed short and regularly cycling estrus periods, seldom came into estrus simultaneously, and scarcely failed to mate when they were in estrus. In contrast, females of M-troop, which went through troop takeovers during the mating season, demonstrated mate competition and subsequent estrus prolongation. Early in the mating season, con stantlyfour to seven females of M-troop were in estrus simultaneously, competed for troop males (TMs), and some of them failed to mate. Subsequently many non -troop males (NTMs) approached to the troop, estrous females mated with them frequently, and mating harassments by females decreased. Among those NTMs, one dominated all TMs, which was referred to as a troop takeover. Successively three other NTMs dominated both all TMs and the former dominant NTM, and in total, four troop takeovers occurred in M-troop during this mating season. The fe malescontinued to be in estrus during the whole episodes. All the conceived fe malesalso showed prolonged postconception estrus, and they were neither inactive nor less attractive to males. It was suggested that M-troop females increased their opportunity to mate with NTMs by estrus prolongation, at the cost of female-female mate competition, to incite active male intertroop movement and subsequent troop takeovers.

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Section: Troop Takeoversmentioning

confidence: 67%

Contrast of Estrus in Accordance with Social Contexts Between Two Troops of Wild Japanese Macaques on Yakushima.

Okayasu¹

2001

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“…The difference in nutritional levels of animals between provisioned and nonprovisioned populations may not be qualitative. For example, there is considerable overlap between the range of infant mortality rates in provisioned Japanese macaque populations (2.8-51.5%; Kurita, 2010) and that in non-provisioned populations (22.7-53.3%; Takahata et al, 1998). We need to objectively evaluate the amount of food and patterns of food distribution for both provisioned and non-provisioned populations and to use the above common indices to examine how sex-biased maternal investment differs among populations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maternal investment in sons and daughters in provisioned, free-ranging Japanese macaques (<i>Macaca fuscata</i>)

Kurita

Matsui²,

Shimomura³

et al. 2012

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It has been suggested that the physical condition of a mother may affect her pattern of investment in her sons or daughters. In addition, when competition over local resources becomes intense, severe aggression among the philopatric sex leads to a higher mortality of the sex and a biased birth sex ratio toward the opposite sex in the low rank. Parental sex-biased investment has been studied in many animal species to test these hypotheses, but the results have been highly inconsistent. We examined maternal sex-biased investment in relation to dominance rank using data on infant growth, infant mortality, birth sex ratio, and delay of subsequent reproduction by rearing current offspring from a provisioned, free-ranging Japanese macaque (Macaca fuscata) troop at Takasakiyama, Japan. The results showed that there was no sex difference in infant body mass among offspring of high-and low-ranking females. Use of the logistic regression model to analyze infant mortality with several independent variables failed to show a statistically significant sex bias. Birth sex ratio did not differ significantly between high-and low-ranking females. Among high-ranking females, there was no significant difference in delivery rate in the next year between those that reared a son and those that reared a daughter. For low-ranking females, however, the delivery rate after rearing daughters was markedly lower than that after rearing sons. Thus, there was no evidence of statistically significant maternal male-biased investment. For low-ranking females, we found a delay in subsequent reproduction for mothers after rearing daughters and no sex difference in offspring mortality. These results suggest that the females increased their offspring's chances of survival, irrespective of sex, by postponing their subsequent delivery.

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“…suggests that approximately 40% of macaques on Yakushima die before sexual maturity (Takahata et al 1998), so it is at least plausible that infection intensity can mediate which individuals live to successfully reproduce. So, while we can' t conclude immunoregulation of these parasites, we can be fairly confident that adaptive immunity is unlikely to play a key role in regulating S. pigmentatus numbers in adult macaques.…”

Section: Age-and Sex-biased Infectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecology and Epidemiology of Nematode Infection in Japanese Macaques:

MacIntosh

2014

Primate Res.

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Reproduction of wild Japanese macaque females of Yakushima and Kinkazan Islands: A preliminary report

Cited by 80 publications

References 20 publications

Contrast of Estrus in Accordance with Social Contexts Between Two Troops of Wild Japanese Macaques on Yakushima.

Contrast of Estrus in Accordance with Social Contexts Between Two Troops of Wild Japanese Macaques on Yakushima.

Maternal investment in sons and daughters in provisioned, free-ranging Japanese macaques (<i>Macaca fuscata</i>)

Ecology and Epidemiology of Nematode Infection in Japanese Macaques:

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