Reproductive Anatomy of the Grape-vine (Vitis vinifera L.): Origin and Development of the Anlage and its Derivatives

Srinivasan, C.; Mullins, M. G.

doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aob.a085217

Cited by 52 publications

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“…The physiology of flowering in photoperiodically controlled herbaceous plants has been the subject of intensive research (3,4, 30) (27).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Anlagen are formed in the current season and give rise either to inflorescence primordia or to tendril primordia. Usually, flowers are formed from inflorescence primordia at the time of bud burst in the following season (12,21,27).Inflorescences and tendrils are both derived from anlagen and are homologous organs (1). Anlagen which undergo repeated branching give rise to inflorescences while those which produce only two or three branches give rise to tendrils (27).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Usually, flowers are formed from inflorescence primordia at the time of bud burst in the following season (12,21,27).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Research on flowering in most woody species is made difficult by the long juvenile or nonflowering periods of seed-grown plants, by the large size of adult trees, and by the annual occurrence of flowers. In addition, the reproductive anatomy of grapevines in particular is exceedingly complex and has only recently been clarified by scanning electron microscopy (27).…”

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Control of Flowering in the Grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.)

Srinivasan

Mullins²

1978

Plant Physiol.

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Tendrils produced from shoot tips of grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) cultured in vitro on Nitsch's medium developed into inflorescences when 5 to 10 jM benzyladenine (BA) or 6-(benzylamino)-9-(2-tetrabydropyranyl)-9H-purine (PBA) were applied directly to the tendril tips.Inflorescences did not form on tendrils if the cytokinins were supplied in the agar. Tendrils cultured in agitated liquid medium containing BA, PBA, or zeatin riboside showed profuse branching and tendrils were transformed into inflorescences. Calyx and corolla (calyptra) stamens and pistils developed normally in the presence of both zeatin riboside and PBA, but micro-and macrosporogenesis were absent.Inflorescences were formed by tendrils from five cultivars (Muscat of Alexandria, Shiraz, Carbernet Sauvignon, Wortley Hail, and Sultana syn. Thomson Seedless) and also on tendrils from 12-to 15-week-oldseedlings.The physiology of flowering in photoperiodically controlled herbaceous plants has been the subject of intensive research (3,4, 30) (27).Flowering in grapes is a three-step process: (a) formation of anlagen; (b) differentiation of inflorescence primordia; and (c) formation of flowers. Anlagen are undifferentiated or uncommitted primordia which arise from terminal or axillary bud apices. Anlagen are formed in the current season and give rise either to inflorescence primordia or to tendril primordia. Usually, flowers are formed from inflorescence primordia at the time of bud burst in the following season (12,21,27).Inflorescences and tendrils are both derived from anlagen and are homologous organs (1). Anlagen which undergo repeated branching give rise to inflorescences while those which produce only two or three branches give rise to tendrils (27). Accordingly, grapevine tendrils can be interpreted as weakly differentiated inflorescences. It follows that the control of inflorescence formation in grapes hinges upon the control of branching of anlagen or of tendrils.The present paper is concerned with the nature of the stimuli which affect branching and this has been studied by growing I T. L. Pawlett Postgraduate Scholar.isolated apices and tendrils in aseptic culture with various growth substances. Most experiments were carried out with explants from cuttings of grape cultivars but explants were also taken from open pollinated grape seedlings. In seedlings the first tendrils are formed at nodes 9 to 15, a few weeks after germination, but the first inflorescences may take 3 to 5 years to make their appearance in the field. In this paper we report on the formation of inflorescences and flowers in vitro from tendrils of grape cultivars and from the tendrils of 12-to 15-week-old seedlings.MATERIALS AND METHODS Rooted cuttings of the grapevine (cvs. Muscat of Alexandria, Shiraz, Cabernet Sauvignon, Wortley Hall, and Sultana syn. Thompson Seedless), were propagated from cool stored (4 C) canes as described previously (27). Grape seeds were extracted from winery marc and stratified (4 C) with perlite for at least 7 weeks before sowing.Late...

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“…The physiology of flowering in photoperiodically controlled herbaceous plants has been the subject of intensive research (3,4, 30) (27).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Usually, flowers are formed from inflorescence primordia at the time of bud burst in the following season (12,21,27).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning