Reproductive and Neurobehavioral Effects of Ethiprole Administered to Mice in the Diet

Abstract

The dose levels of ethiprole in the present study produced several adverse effects in neurobehavioral parameters in mice. Birth Defects Research 109:1568-1585, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Reproductive and neurobehavioral effects of maternal exposure to ethiprole in F1‐generation mice

“…For exploratory behavior in the F 1 generation, the number of horizontal activities increased significantly in the high‐dose group and the average speed decreased significantly in all treatment groups for exploratory behavior in female offspring at three weeks of age. In the previous study (Tanaka & Inomata, ), the average speed showed a significant tendency to be decreased in treatment groups for exploratory behavior in male offspring at three weeks of age, and the number of horizontal activities significantly increased in treatment groups of female offspring at three weeks of age.…”

“…In the previous study (Tanaka & Inomata, ), the route and time of olfactory orientation showed significant tendencies to be accelerated in treatment groups (0.0003–0.0027% in the diet) of female offspring on PND 14. These results suggest that ethiprole treatment produced similar effects on similar variables of behavioral development in either sex.…”

“…These changes in offspring weight may have been caused by ethiprole treatment because offspring consumed similar nourishment in each group. Tanaka and Inomata () reported that ethiprole treatment induced increases of offspring body weight during the late lactation periods. It seems, therefore, that ethiprole treatment slightly accelerated offspring physical growth during the late lactation period.…”

“…It has been registered in Brazil, China, Indonesia, Japan, Malaysia, Sri Lanka, Thailand, and Vietnam (Food Safety Commission of Japan, ). Its maximum residue levels in Japan range from 0.09 to 10 ppm in food (S. Sato, ; Tanaka & Inomata, ; The Japan Food Chemical Research Foundation, ). The shipping amounts of ethiprole manufactured in 2014 were 43.65 tons in Japan (National Institute for Environmental Studies, Japan, ).…”

“…Tanaka and Inomata () reported that ethiprole produced several adverse effects on neurobehavioral parameters in a two‐generation toxicity study of mice (0.0003–0.0027% in the diet). We found that several variables showed adverse effects on exploratory behavior in immature mice, and spontaneous behavior in adult mice in the F 1 generation.…”