Reproductive and Spatial Ecology of<i>Leptodactylus insularum</i>(Anura, Leptodactylidae) in Panama

Hurme, Kristiina J.

doi:10.1670/13-214

Cited by 7 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Also, in some frogs, direct assessment of weapons may be precluded by their nocturnal habits and the fact that they do not use tactile displays (e.g. Hurme, ), where size can be assessed (e.g. harvestmen; Zatz et al, ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…frogs (Duellman & Trueb, ); snakes (Shine, )], large male body size can arise as an adaptation for male–male fighting (Shine, , , ; Wells, , ). Extensive knowledge about social behaviour of many tropical frogs is lacking, but in most frogs with ISWs that have been studied in detail, there are territorial struggles among males (Wells, ; Hurme, ). In addition, in armed species, sexual selection on male combat has overcome selection on female body size for increased fecundity, and males are larger than females (e.g.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, in armed species, sexual selection on male combat has overcome selection on female body size for increased fecundity, and males are larger than females (e.g. Hurme, ), which deviates from the norm of female‐biased sexual size dimorphism in frogs. For example, in Borneo's fanged frog, Limnonectes leporinus , males aggressively defend nest sites along riverbanks (Orlov, ), and males are larger than females (Emerson, ; Emerson & Voris, ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Intrasexually selected weapons

2018

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We propose a practical concept that distinguishes the particular kind of weaponry that has evolved to be used in combat between individuals of the same species and sex, which we term intrasexually selected weapons (ISWs). We present a treatise of ISWs in nature, aiming to understand their distinction and evolution from other secondary sex traits, including from 'sexually selected weapons', and from sexually dimorphic and monomorphic weaponry. We focus on the subset of secondary sex traits that are the result of same-sex combat, defined here as ISWs, provide not previously reported evolutionary patterns, and offer hypotheses to answer questions such as: why have only some species evolved weapons to fight for the opposite sex or breeding resources? We examined traits that seem to have evolved as ISWs in the entire animal phylogeny, restricting the classification of ISW to traits that are only present or enlarged in adults of one of the sexes, and are used as weapons during intrasexual fights. Because of the absence of behavioural data and, in many cases, lack of sexually discriminated series from juveniles to adults, we exclude the fossil record from this review. We merge morphological, ontogenetic, and behavioural information, and for the first time thoroughly review the tree of life to identify separate evolution of ISWs. We found that ISWs are only found in bilateral animals, appearing independently in nematodes, various groups of arthropods, and vertebrates. Our review sets a reference point to explore other taxa that we identify with potential ISWs for which behavioural or morphological studies are warranted. We establish that most ISWs come in pairs, are located in or near the head, are endo- or exoskeletal modifications, are overdeveloped structures compared with those found in females, are modified feeding structures and/or locomotor appendages, are most common in terrestrial taxa, are frequently used to guard females, territories, or both, and are also used in signalling displays to deter rivals and/or attract females. We also found that most taxa lack ISWs, that females of only a few species possess better-developed weapons than males, that the cases of independent evolution of ISWs are not evenly distributed across the phylogeny, and that animals possessing the most developed ISWs have non-hunting habits (e.g. herbivores) or are faunivores that prey on very small prey relative to their body size (e.g. insectivores). Bringing together perspectives from studies on a variety of taxa, we conceptualize that there are five ways in which a sexually dimorphic trait, apart from the primary sex traits, can be fixed: sexual selection, fecundity selection, parental role division, differential niche occupation between the sexes, and interference competition. We discuss these trends and the factors involved in the evolution of intrasexually selected weaponry in nature.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Intrasexually selected weapons

2018

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“…For example, Santos et al (2008) We observed that the beginning and end of the breeding season of Dendropsophus sanborni coincide with the beginning and end of the rainy season, respectively (as defined by Koeppen; see Zaine and Perinotto, 1996). The seasonal distribution of anuran species activity can be influenced by several interrelated factors that are subject to daily, monthly, and annual variation (such as maximum and minimum temperatures, rainfall, and hydroperiod; e.g., Kopp and Eterovick, 2006;Hartel et al, 2007;Gally and Zina, 2013;Akmentins et al, 2015;Hurme, 2015;Luna-Gómez et al, 2017;Leivas et al, 2018). Thus, interactions of these factors may be responsible for variation in the reproductive periods of anurans.…”

Section: Seasonal Reproductive Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Among anurans, social organization is directly related to body size and reproductive traits such as chorus structure, male territoriality, pair formation, breeding site choice, and temporal breeding pattern (Wells, 1977;Martin et al, 2011;Rosa and Andreone, 2012;Sousa and Ávila, 2015;Berec, 2017). Moreover, temporal and spatial breeding patterns are affected by abiotic (e.g., climate and availability of reproductive resources) and biotic (e.g., habitat use, abundance of individuals, reproductive strategies, and adult life span) factors (Crump, 1974;Gally and Zina, 2013;Akmentins et al, 2015;Hurme, 2015;Luna-Gómez et al, 2017;Leivas et al, 2018). The majority of the anuran species from tropical areas with well-defined seasons possess seasonal reproductive dynamics associated with the hotter and rainier periods of the year (Shahriza et al, 2010;Van Sluys and Guido-Castro, 2011;Waldez et al, 2011;Schalk and Saenz, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal Reproductive Dynamics of a Lek-Breeding Neotropical Treefrog is not Organized by Male Size (Anura, Hylidae)

Pompeu

Sá

Haddad

2020

South American Journal of Herpetology

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Mother-offspring chemical communication and tadpole aggregation in a neotropical foam-nesting frog

Carrillo,

Ortega,

Santana

et al. 2024

Behav Ecol Sociobiol

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Communication during parental care represents an advantage for eliciting offspring behaviour and sibling recognition. In aquatic environments, chemical communication is usually the most effective, playing different roles in amphibian parental behaviour. Attending females of some Neotropical anurans (Leptodactylus) lead entire tadpole schools through the water. However, little is known about this aggregation behaviour, such as the type of signal used by attending females or if they are speci c between mothers and offspring. Here we conducted behavioural experiments to investigate these questions. Firstly, we tested the effect of visual, tactile, and chemical stimulus of attending females on tadpole aggregation behaviour. Following, we compared the effects of the chemical stimulus from attending females with those from other conspeci cs (non-attending females and males) on schooling behaviour. Finally, we tested whether tadpoles prefer related attending females instead of unrelated ones. Our results indicated that only chemical stimulus from attending females, and not visual or tactile, increased tadpoles´ aggregation time. Chemical stimulus from non-attending females and males did not affect tadpoles' behaviour. Contrary to what we expected, we did not nd school preference for related attending females. We were able to demonstrate the presence of chemical signals in mother-tadpole school relationship of Leptodactylus species. Besides, we showed that chemical signals both attract and aggregate tadpoles, which can be crucial for attending females, who guide the entire school through aquatic habitats. Furthermore, our results suggest that tadpoles do not prefer related attending females and may bene t from following unrelated attending female tacking advantage of alloparental care. Signi cance StatementParental care represents an advantage for offspring survival and parents-offspring communication may be helpful. In aquatic environments the role of chemical signals presents several advantages, reason why, we study the effects of attending females' chemical signals over free swimming tadpoles' behaviour. We found that the chemical signal of attending females favours tadpoles' aggregation and it has an attraction effect, helping attending females to protect tadpoles. Additionally, we demonstrate that tadpoles use the protection of any attending females rather than prefer blood related attending females, which may favour tadpoles' survival while it may increases attending females cost.

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Reproductive and Spatial Ecology ofLeptodactylus insularum(Anura, Leptodactylidae) in Panama

Cited by 7 publications

References 37 publications

Intrasexually selected weapons

Intrasexually selected weapons

Seasonal Reproductive Dynamics of a Lek-Breeding Neotropical Treefrog is not Organized by Male Size (Anura, Hylidae)

Mother-offspring chemical communication and tadpole aggregation in a neotropical foam-nesting frog

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