Reproductive Biology of Vincetoxicum rossicum (Kleo.) Barb. (Asclepiadaceae), an Invasive Alien in Ontario

Denis, Melissa St.; Cappuccino, Naomi

doi:10.2307/4126923

Cited by 21 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…However, since Vincetoxicum has flat flowers with open access to nectar, characteristic of fly-pollinated plants (van der Pijl 1961) and since nectar is plainly visible in the flowers, we were surprised to observe almost no pollinators or floral visitors. Although flies have been reported visiting Vincetoxicum nigrum flowers in New York State (Lumer and Yost 1995), almost no arthropods were seen visiting V. rossicum flowers in a previous study (St Denis and Cappuccino 2004). Only a single vespid wasp was seen on V. rossicum in the present study.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 77%

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The effect of an invasive alien vine, Vincetoxicum rossicum (Asclepiadaceae), on arthropod populations in Ontario old fields

2005

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Vincetoxicum rossicum is an invasive alien vine introduced from Europe in the late 1800s that is now an emerging pest in upstate New York and eastern Ontario. The plant can form dense, monotypic stands in woodlots and old fields, and may be displacing native vegetation. As a consequence, V. rossicum may be displacing arthropod fauna associated with native vegetation. In June and August 2002, we sampled V. rossicum and three other old field plants (Asclepias syriaca, Solidago altissima, and mixed graminoids) for arthropods using pitfall traps and by sampling individual plants. A total of 7868 arthropods were counted on plants and 18,195 individuals were trapped; these were sorted by feeding guild. Overall, stands of V. rossicum supported the lowest abundance of both stem-and ground-dwelling individuals, as well as the lowest number of arthropods in most phytophagous guilds. Some feeding guilds are entirely absent: V. rossicum stands are completely devoid of gall-makers and miners, and support few pollinators. This study suggests that arthropod diversity will decline if V. rossicum displaces native old-field plants.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 77%

“…Only a single vespid wasp was seen on V. rossicum in the present study. Lack of floral visitors is not expected to greatly hinder the spread of V. rossicum, which produces seed by in situ germination of selfed pollen (St Denis and Cappuccino 2004).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of an invasive alien vine, Vincetoxicum rossicum (Asclepiadaceae), on arthropod populations in Ontario old fields

2005

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“…We found a negative but nonsignificant effect of DSV biomass on the number of pollinia affixed to bees in our study system. As we did not find any DSV pollinia on any bees in this study, these findings support previous observations that little to no insects are attracted to DSV flowers (St. Denis & Cappuccino, ); however, Lumer and Yost () noted 14 species of fly visiting the related Vincetoxicum nigrum , which is also introduced to northeastern North America and occurs in similar habitats (Gleason & Cronquist, ). The pollinia of DSV are much smaller and easily distinguishable from that of the related A. syriaca .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Honey bees are the dominant diurnal pollinator of native milkweed in a large urban park

MacIvor

Roberto

Sodhi

et al. 2017

Ecology and Evolution

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In eastern North America, the field milkweed, Asclepias syriaca L. (Asclepiadaceae), is used in planting schemes to promote biodiversity conservation for numerous insects including the endangered monarch butterfly, Danaus plexippus (Linnaeus) (Nymphalidae). Less is known about its pollinators, and especially in urban habitats where it is planted often despite being under increasing pressure from invasive plant species, such as the related milkweed, the dog‐strangling vine (DSV), Vincetoxicum rossicum (Kleopow) Barbar. (Asclepiadaceae). During the A. syriaca flowering period in July 2016, we surveyed bees in open habitats along a DSV invasion gradient and inspected 433 individuals of 25 bee species in 12 genera for pollinia: these were affixed to bees that visited A. syriaca for nectar and contain pollen packets that are vectored (e.g., transferred) between flowers. Of all bees sampled, pollinia were found only on the nonindigenous honeybee, Apis mellifera (43% of all bees identified), as well as one individual bumblebee, Bombus impatiens Cresson. Pollinia were recorded from 45.2% of all honeybees collected. We found no relationship between biomass of DSV and biomass of A. syriaca per site. There was a significant positive correlation between A. syriaca biomass and the number of pollinia, and the proportion vectored. No relationship with DSV biomass was detected for the number of pollinia collected by bees but the proportion of vectored pollinia declined with increasing DSV biomass. Although we find no evidence of DSV flowers attracting potential pollinators away from A. syriaca and other flowering plants, the impacts on native plant–pollinator mutualisms relate to its ability to outcompete native plants. As wild bees do not appear to visit DSV flowers, it could be altering the landscape to one which honeybees are more tolerant than native wild bees.

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“…The breeding system results indicate that X. undulatum has a genetic self-incompatibility system that prevents fruits arising from self-pollination. Self-incompatibility is typical of milkweeds in the genus Asclepias (Wyatt & Broyles 1994; but see Lumer & Yost 1995, St Denis & Cappuccino 2004 and has also been recorded in the milkweeds Gonolobus suberosus (L.) R. Br. (Lipow & Wyatt 1998) and Pachycarpus asperifolius Meisn.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Bimodal Pollination by Wasps and Beetles in the African Milkweed Xysmalobium undulatum

Shuttleworth

Johnson

2008

Biotropica

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It has been suggested that flowers of some plants are specialized for pollination by two unrelated species (or functional groups) of pollinators. However, evidence for ‘bimodal pollination systems’ has been extremely limited. Studies of the milkweed Xysmalobium undulatum in South Africa showed that its flowers are visited by a range of different insects (representing 18 families), but only two groups, represented by the chafer beetle Atrichelaphinis tigrina and pompilid wasps in the genus Hemipepsis, effect pollination. Experiments showed that both these pollinator groups are effective in removing and inserting pollinia. Pollinia are attached to clypeal hairs and mouthparts on the wasps and tarsal hairs and spines on the beetles. Although considerably less abundant than the beetles, Hemipepsis spp. wasps move more quickly among flowers and appeared to be more effective pollinators overall. Experimental hand‐pollinations conducted in the field showed that X. undulatum is genetically self‐incompatible and thus completely reliant on pollinators for reproduction. We conclude that X. undulatum has a bimodal pollination system, specialized for pollination by Hemipepsis pompilid wasps and the chafer beetle A. tigrina.

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Reproductive Biology of Vincetoxicum rossicum (Kleo.) Barb. (Asclepiadaceae), an Invasive Alien in Ontario

Cited by 21 publications

References 14 publications

The effect of an invasive alien vine, Vincetoxicum rossicum (Asclepiadaceae), on arthropod populations in Ontario old fields

The effect of an invasive alien vine, Vincetoxicum rossicum (Asclepiadaceae), on arthropod populations in Ontario old fields

Honey bees are the dominant diurnal pollinator of native milkweed in a large urban park

Bimodal Pollination by Wasps and Beetles in the African Milkweed Xysmalobium undulatum

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