Reproductive Disorders and Leptospirosis: A Case Study in a Mixed-Species Farm (Cattle and Swine)

Mori, Marcella; Bakinahe, Raïssa; Vannoorenberghe, Philippe; Maris, Jo; Jong, Ellen de; Tignon, Marylène; Marin, Martine; Desqueper, Damien; Frétin, David; Behaeghel, Isabelle

doi:10.3390/vetsci4040064

Cited by 24 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved reproductive tract, this chronic form determines important reproductive disorders, leading to impacting economic losses (Mori et al, 2017). Loureiro and Lilenbaum (2020) recently suggested that the silent reproductive form of leptospirosis should be considered as a specific syndrome, so called Bovine Genital Leptospirosis (BGL).…”

Section: Accepted Articlementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Loureiro and Lilenbaum (2020) recently suggested that the silent reproductive form of leptospirosis should be considered as a specific syndrome, so called Bovine Genital Leptospirosis (BGL). It is most often caused by adapted strains from the Sejroe serogroup, and is associated to early embryonic losses and consequent estrus repetition, very probably due to uterine inflammation and/or direct invasion of the embryo by leptospires (Mori et al, 2017;Libonati et al, 2018). More recently, it was demonstrated a high oxidative damage in sheep infected with leptospires, contributing to reproductive disturbance pathophysiology .…”

Section: Accepted Articlementioning

confidence: 99%

“…As a consequence of Leptospira colonization of the reproductive tract, this chronic form determines important reproductive disorders, leading to impacting economic losses (Mori et al . 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An overview on the molecular diagnosis of animal leptospirosis

Azevedo

Lilenbaum

2021

Lett Appl Microbiol

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The most common presentation of animal leptospirosis is the subclinical and silent chronic form, that can lead to important reproductive disorders. The diagnosis of this chronic form remains a challenge. The aim of the present study is to gather and critically analyse the current information about molecular tools applied to animal leptospirosis diagnosis, particularly the silent chronic presentation of the infection. Regarding clinical specimens, samples from urinary tract were the most used (69/102, 67·7%), while few studies (12/102, 11·8%) investigated samples from reproductive tract. Concerning the molecular methods applied, the most used is still the conventional polymerase chain reaction (PCR) (46/102, 45%), followed by real‐time PCR (38/102, 37·2%). The lipL32 gene is currently the most common target used for Leptospira detection, with 48% of studies applying this genetic marker. From all the studies, only few (21/102, 20·5%) performed gene sequencing. According to the majority of authors, current evidence suggests that lipL32‐PCR is useful for an initial screening for Leptospira DNA detection in animal clinical samples. Posteriorly, if DNA sequencing could be performed on positive lipL32‐PCR samples, we encourage the use of secY gene as a genetic marker. The molecular methods appear as the most important tools for the diagnosis of the chronic silent leptospirosis on domestic animals, reinforcing its evident impact not only on animal reproduction but also on a One Health context.

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Section: Accepted Articlementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Accepted Articlementioning

confidence: 99%

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An overview on the molecular diagnosis of animal leptospirosis

Azevedo

Lilenbaum

2021

Lett Appl Microbiol

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“…The disease has been reported in many parts of the world with variable prevalence rates ranging from 3% to 50% [2,3]. It results in significant negative impact on health and production of livestock due to the high cost of treatment and prevention programs, loss of milk production, abortion, repeated breeding, stillbirth, and retained placenta [4,5]. Clinically, affected animals may be asymptomatic carriers; however, some animals may show fulminant disease characterized by fever, jaundice, pink stained milk, hemoglobinuria, and death [4,5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seroprevalence and risk factors of Leptospira serovar Pomona and Leptospira serovar Hardjo infection in dairy cows in Jordan

Ismail

Abutarbush

Al-Majali

et al. 2019

J Infect Dev Ctries

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Introduction: This study was carried out to determine the seroprevalence and risk factors associated with Leptospira serovars Pomona and Hardjo infection in dairy cows. Methodology: Seroprevalence was determined using ELISA using 160 healthy and 80 recently aborted cows. Risk factor assessment was carried out using a pre-validated questionnaire. Results: The true farm seroprevalence of Leptospira serovars Pomona and Hardjo was 92.3% (95% CI: 66%-98%). In healthy cows, the true and apparent cow seroprevalence of Leptospira serovars Pomona and Hardjo were 26.9 (95% CI: 20–34%), 26.25% (95% CI: 20–33%) and 28.75% (95% CI: 22–36%) and 27.5% (95% CI: 21–35%), respectively. Semi-intensive management system (OR = 11.43; P < 0.01), surface water as a source of drinking water (OR = 1.21; P < 0.03), lack of special wear for visitors (OR = 1.39; P < 0.05), and previous history of abortion (OR = 1.02; P < 0.05) were associated with high rate of seropositivity against Leptospira serovars Pomona and Hardjo. In recently aborted cows, the true and apparent seroprevalence rates of Leptospira serovars Pomona and Hardjo were 53.25% (95% CI: 47.5–62%), 53.75% (95% CI: 48.5–63.2%) and 56% (95% CI: 49–61%), 56.25% (95% CI: 49.8–61.2%), respectively. Conclusions: Leptospirosis is an endemic disease in Jordan and further studies are required to effectively control the disease in dairy cows.

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“…In cattle, this disease is characterised mainly by reproductive problems such as infertility, prolonged intervals between births, abortion and occurrence of stillbirths, leading to important economic losses [4, 5]. Recently, this agent has been identified in the uterus of non-pregnant cows, and infection of the reproductive tract may be the most important manifestation in pathogenesis of bovine leptospirosis [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reduced susceptibility in leptospiral strains of bovine origin might impair antibiotic therapy

2018

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Leptospirosis is a worldwide zoonotic disease determined by pathogenic spirochetes of the genus Leptospira. The control of bovine leptospirosis involves several measures including antibiotic treatment of carriers. Despite its importance, few studies regarding antimicrobial susceptibility of strains from bovine origin have been conducted. The aim of this study was to determine the in vitro susceptibility of Leptospira strains obtained from cattle in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, against the main antibiotics used in bovine veterinary practice. A total of 23 Leptospira spp. strains were investigated for minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) and minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBCs) using broth macrodilution. At the species level, there were not differences in MIC susceptibility except for tetracycline (P < 0.05). Nevertheless, at the serogroup level, differences in MIC were observed among Sejroe strains, mainly for ceftiofur, doxycycline and in MBC for streptomycin (P < 0.05). One strain presented MBC values above maximum plasmatic concentration described for streptomycin and was classified as presenting reduced susceptibility. Efficacy of antimicrobial therapy on bovine leptospirosis could be compromised due to occurrence of infection by Leptospira strains presenting reduced susceptibility.

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Reproductive Disorders and Leptospirosis: A Case Study in a Mixed-Species Farm (Cattle and Swine)

Cited by 24 publications

References 30 publications

An overview on the molecular diagnosis of animal leptospirosis

An overview on the molecular diagnosis of animal leptospirosis

Seroprevalence and risk factors of Leptospira serovar Pomona and Leptospira serovar Hardjo infection in dairy cows in Jordan

Reduced susceptibility in leptospiral strains of bovine origin might impair antibiotic therapy

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