Reproductive disorders caused by animal trypanosomiases: A review

Sekoni, V.O.

doi:10.1016/0093-691x(94)90373-q

Cited by 45 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…This finding suggests that the infection prevented the does from exhibiting estrus in response to the administration of Estrumate® at both 125mcg and 250mcg dose per animal. Similar observations of anoestrus as the present one have been reported earlier (Elhassan et al, 1994;Sekoni). The present finding may suggests a possibility of affection of the normal physiological processes leading to behavioural and possibly fertile estrus in the female animal.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

“…The devastating effects of trypanosome infection on the health and productivity of people and livestock in tropical Africa has been well documented (Gasser, 1963;Apted, 1970;Sekoni, 1994). Reproductive symptoms that have been associated with trypanosomosis in the females of most species include irregular oestrus, infertility, sterility, abortion, still birth and neonatal death (Ikede, 1979;Faye et al, 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Observations on Estrus as Monitored by Receptivity to Mating Activity and Pattern of Vaginal Exfoliates In Trypanosoma brucei Infected WAD Goat does Synchronized with Estrumate®

Leigh

Fayemi

2011

Int. J. Morphol.

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SUMMARY:The effects of experimental Trypanosoma brucei infection on receptivity to mating activity and pattern of vaginal exfoliates were monitored using twenty-one adult WAD goats which were synchronized with double injection, seven days apart of Estrumate®. The twenty-one goats consisted of 3 bucks and 18 does. The does were randomly divided into control group 'A' having 10 does and test group 'B' with 8 does. The goats were fed with Elephant grass in the morning and commercial feed containing 15.23% CP at the rate of 0.25kg/head in the afternoons. Freshwater was provided ad libitum. Results showed that while all the control does were observed to stand to be mounted and mated, none of the infected does did. Also, the pattern of the mean percentage vaginal exfoliated cell types encountered between the control and infected doe groups were converse. While parasabal cells changed from 2.90±0.03% during proestrus through 3.05±0.46% during estrus to 2.42±0.08% at diestrus in the control does, it changed from 22.07±0.56% during expected proestrus through 8.48±0.05% during expected estrus to 28.05±1.09% respectively in the infected does. In like manner, intermediate cell changed from 11.10±0.03% during proestrus through 11.10±0.31% during estrus to 1.21±1.00% during diestrus in control does while it changed from 27.27±0.08% during expected proestrus through 42.37±2.39% during expected estrus to 40.24±1.06 % during expected diestrus in infected does. Similarly, superficial cells changed from 56.25±0.75% during proestrus through 63.70±1.05% during estrus to 7.37±0.01% during diestrus while it changed from 0.00% during expected proestrus through 3.39±0.02% during expected estrus to 63.70±1.05% during estrus to 6.10±0.01% during expected diestrus. In the control does, the mean percentage neutrophils changed from 29.75±0.04% during proestrus through 22.14±0.65% during estrus to 86.70±1.68 during diestrus while in the infected does, it changed from 50.64± 0.68% during expected proestrus through 45.76±6.05% during expected estrus to 25.61±2.85% during expected diestrus. The findings in the infected group of does suggest an arrest of the physiological processes leading to the exhibition of "heat" and contradict the observation in the control does. It is concluded that Trypanosoma brucei infection in the WAD does is the cause of anoestrous observed in this study.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Observations on Estrus as Monitored by Receptivity to Mating Activity and Pattern of Vaginal Exfoliates In Trypanosoma brucei Infected WAD Goat does Synchronized with Estrumate®

Leigh

Fayemi

2011

Int. J. Morphol.

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“…Na África, a tripanossomíase em bovinos causa consideráveis perdas econômicas devido à redução da fertilidade do rebanho por provocar desordens reprodutivas como aborto, anestro temporário ou permanente além de ciclos estrais anormais (Sekoni 1994). Casos de aborto em bovinos provocados por T. vivax também foram relatados por Silva et al (2004) durante surtos ocorridos em áreas inundáveis da Bolívia e no Pantanal do Mato Grosso.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Aspectos clínicos, epidemiológicos e patológicos da infecção natural em bovinos por Trypanosoma vivax na Paraíba

et al. 2008

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Descrevem-se dois surtos de tripanossomíase por Trypanosoma vivax em bovinos, ocorridos em dois estabelecimentos do alto sertão da Paraíba. Os sinais clínicos, a patologia e a epidemiologia da doença foram estudados no período de maio de 2005 a novembro de 2006.T. vivax foi identificado em esfregaços da capa leucocitária e mediante a reação em cadeia da polimerase (PCR). Os animais afetados apresentaram anorexia, depressão, febre, anemia, perda de peso, redução da produção leiteira, cegueira transitória, aborto e sinais nervosos caracterizados por incoordenação motora, salivação, opistótono, nistagno, tetania e bruxismo. Todos os animais que apresentaram sintomatologia nervosa morreram. As alterações macroscópicas observadas em um bovino submetido à necropsia foram aumento de volume dos linfonodos, atrofia serosa dos depósitos de gordura, aumento de volume do baço com evidência da polpa branca, hidropericárdio, além de petéquias e equimoses no epicárdio. Histologicamente havia meningoencefalite. O controle da doença na propriedade com tratamento específico dos casos clínicos com aceturato de diminazene foi eficiente, pois após o tratamento não se verificou mais a presença do parasita em esfregaços sanguíneos nem evidência clínica da enfermidade em até 2 meses após o início do surto. Os fatores epidemiológicos favoráveis à ocorrência dos surtos foram a abundância de vetores mecânicos, como tabanídeos e Stomozys spp., e a entrada, no rebanho, de animais oriundos de propriedades onde ocorreu a doença em questão. Sugere-se que o semi-árido do Nordeste, devido a períodos prolongados de secas e altas temperaturas, é região de instabilidade enzoótica para a tripanossomíase, em conseqüência, provavelmente, ao ambiente desfavorável para o desenvolvimento de vetores durante a maior parte do ano.

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“…These reproductive losses are often linked to unthriftiness, decreased rate of conception and pregnancy in affected cattle (Ogwu & Nuru, 1981;Ogwu et al, 1986) and sheep (Reynolds & Ekwuruke, 1988;Gabina, 1989). In female animals, severe genital lesions (Ikede et al, 1988) which results in abnormal oestrous cycles, death during pregnancy, dystocia, abortion, premature birth, low birth weight, stillbirth, transplacental infection, neonatal death and other pathogenic effects on foetuses had been reported (Sekoni, 1994;Bawa et al, 2000;Faye et al, 2004). Abundant literature exists on the pathogenesis of the anaemia while the exact mechanisms resulting in persistent reproductive losses have not been thoroughly elucidated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Histopathological changes in some reproductive and endocrine organs of Trypanosoma brucei infected West African dwarf goat does

Leigh¹,

Emikpe²,

Ogunsola³

2015

BJVM

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Reproductive disorders caused by animal trypanosomiases: A review

Cited by 45 publications

References 43 publications

Observations on Estrus as Monitored by Receptivity to Mating Activity and Pattern of Vaginal Exfoliates In Trypanosoma brucei Infected WAD Goat does Synchronized with Estrumate®

Observations on Estrus as Monitored by Receptivity to Mating Activity and Pattern of Vaginal Exfoliates In Trypanosoma brucei Infected WAD Goat does Synchronized with Estrumate®

Aspectos clínicos, epidemiológicos e patológicos da infecção natural em bovinos por Trypanosoma vivax na Paraíba

Histopathological changes in some reproductive and endocrine organs of Trypanosoma brucei infected West African dwarf goat does

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Reproductive disorders caused by animal trypanosomiases: A review

Cited by 45 publications

References 43 publications

Observations on Estrus as Monitored by Receptivity to Mating Activity and Pattern of Vaginal Exfoliates In Trypanosoma brucei ­ Infected WAD Goat does Synchronized with Estrumate®

Observations on Estrus as Monitored by Receptivity to Mating Activity and Pattern of Vaginal Exfoliates In Trypanosoma brucei ­ Infected WAD Goat does Synchronized with Estrumate®

Aspectos clínicos, epidemiológicos e patológicos da infecção natural em bovinos por Trypanosoma vivax na Paraíba

Histopathological changes in some reproductive and endocrine organs of Trypanosoma brucei infected West African dwarf goat does

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Observations on Estrus as Monitored by Receptivity to Mating Activity and Pattern of Vaginal Exfoliates In Trypanosoma brucei Infected WAD Goat does Synchronized with Estrumate®

Observations on Estrus as Monitored by Receptivity to Mating Activity and Pattern of Vaginal Exfoliates In Trypanosoma brucei Infected WAD Goat does Synchronized with Estrumate®