Reproductive ecology of Fungiacyathus marenzelleri from 4100 m depth in the northeast Pacific Ocean

Flint, Hannah C.; Waller, Rhian G.; Tyler, Paul A.

doi:10.1007/s00227-006-0539-2

Cited by 24 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Of the few species studied to date, most appear to be gonochoric broadcast spawners with lecithotrophic larvae ( e.g. Burgess & Babcock 2005; Waller & Tyler 2005; Flint et al. 2007), although nothing is known about larval development, duration or dispersal potential, which limits the application of hydrodynamic modeling in resolving connectivity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Of the few species studied to date, most appear to be gonochoric broadcast spawners with lecithotrophic larvae (e.g. Burgess & Babcock 2005;Waller & Tyler 2005;Flint et al 2007), although nothing is known about larval development, duration or dispersal potential, which limits the application of hydrodynamic modeling in resolving connectivity. Based on what we know of shallow-water coral species it is likely that larvae of broadcast-spawning deep-sea corals are competent to settle within days of release, and most likely settle within weeks of spawning, but may also remain planktonic for hundreds of days (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Conflicting estimates of connectivity among deep‐sea coral populations

et al. 2010

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Genetic data were used as an indirect means of assessing connectivity among deep‐sea coral populations on seamounts and slopes in the Australian and New Zealand region. We sequenced three DNA regions (16S, ITS and Control Region) in nine deep‐sea coral species from sites spanning thousands of kilometers. Based on haplotype distributions and AMOVA, we found evidence of genetic subdivision across ocean expanses for three species: the scleractinian Desmophyllum dianthus, and the antipatharians Antipathes robillardi and Stichopathes variabilis. Levels of genetic variation were low for the remaining species, including the reef‐forming Solenosmila variablis and Madrepora oculata, and more sensitive molecular markers may be needed to resolve their spatial structure properly. For two species (the scleractinian Stephanocyathus spiniger and the antipatharian Stichopathes filiformis), we found no evidence of genetic subdivision among sites within regions, suggesting sufficient gene flow occurs to maintain genetic homogeneity at scales of tens to hundreds of kilometers. Recognising that some seamount regions and coral populations are, or are not, effectively isolated will be a key component of successful management planning based on marine protected area networks – both within and beyond national jurisdictions.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conflicting estimates of connectivity among deep‐sea coral populations

et al. 2010

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“…Determining reproductive output, recruitment and growth of deep-sea corals is crucial in assessing their regeneration potential in the context of deep ocean management. To date, most of the limited information has focused on hexacorals in the order Scleractinia (Waller 2005, Flint et al 2007) and a few octocorals in the order Pennatulacea (Eckelbarger et al 1998, Pires et al 2009), whereas little attention has been given to soft corals (Alcyonacea) (Cordes et al 2001, despite their prevalence and importance in deep-sea habitats (Freiwald et al 2004, Watling & Auster 2005. Reproduction in octocorals has mainly been investigated in shallow-water Alcyoniidae, Xeniidae, and Gorgoniidae from the tropical Pacific, Red Sea, and the Caribbean (Benayahu 1991, Shlesinger et al 1998.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Planulation periodicity, settlement preferences and growth of two deep-sea octocorals from the northwest Atlantic

Sun¹,

Hamel²,

Mercier³

2010

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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Adaptations and life history strategies have rarely been studied in deep-sea corals. Here we present laboratory data on the timing of larval release, reproductive output, substratum selectivity and growth of 2 alcyonaceans (Cnidaria, Octocorallia) from the bathyal zone of eastern Canada. Planulation patterns in 2 Drifa species were significantly influenced by seasonal productivity and the lunar cycle, and larval output was greater in larger colonies (from shallower depths). After release, planulae of Drifa sp. shifted their buoyancy to move between the bottom and the water column, whereas planulae of D. glomerata were largely demersal and crawled on the substratum until settlement (typically occurring after 1 to 30 d in both species). Settlement trials showed that planulae settled more readily on rough natural surfaces covered with biofilm than all other substrata tested and that larvae of colonies from deeper habitats were less selective than those originating from shallower habitats. In both species, the 8 primary mesenteries (and tentacle buds) appeared within 24 h post settlement, and polyps reached a maximum size after 2 to 3 mo. The first branching polyp was observed after ca. 9 mo of growth in D. glomerata, whereas no direct evidence of branching was detected in Drifa sp. over 21 mo of observation, although 2-and 4-polyp colonies were later discovered in the holding tank with adults. Together, these findings highlight dual traits of resilience (i.e. extended breeding period, long-lived larvae) and vulnerability (i.e. substratum selectivity, slow growth) in deep-sea corals.KEY WORDS: Deep-sea · Corals · Reproduction · Brooding · Settlement · Growth · Drifa Resale or republication not permitted without written consent of the publisherMar Ecol Prog Ser 410: [71][72][73][74][75][76][77][78][79][80][81][82][83][84][85][86][87] 2010 the widely distributed Nephtheidae (Farrant 1986, Dahan & Benayahu 1997, Hwang & Song 2007, Sun 2009.The production and release of offspring is the initial step in a suite of processes that allows populations of benthic invertebrates to be replenished and maintained. Sexual modes of reproduction in corals include broadcast-spawning and brooding. In the deep ocean (below 200 m), broadcasting appears to be the dominant trait, and reports of brooding species are rare (Cordes et al. 2001, Waller et al. 2008, Sun 2009, Sun et al. 2009. However, investigations of reproductive patterns in deep-sea corals are fraught with difficulty, and knowledge about these remains embryonic at best. Studies of shallow-water corals have shown that they may undergo synchronous or asynchronous spawning, seasonal or so-called continuous reproduction, and lunar or shifted lunar spawnings, and that their patterns of sexual reproduction could be correlated to several factors, such as temperature, depth, and tidal, lunar and solar cycles (Jokiel & Guinther 1978, Stimson 1978, Benayahu & Loya 1983, 1984, Benayahu 1997, Ben-David-Zaslow et al. 1999.After release, larvae must recruit through settlement...

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“…Understanding the reproductive biology of any organism is fundamental to understanding its population dynamics. At present however, there are just a handful of scientific papers examining the reproductive processes of cold-water azooxanthellate reef-building corals (Brooke & Young, 2003, 2005; Burgess & Babcock, 2005; Waller & Tyler, 2005) and solitary scleractinians (Waller et al , 2002, 2005, 2008; Flint et al , 2007). The majority of data on reproduction in scleractinians is based on observations and experiments from tropical zooxanthellate species (Fadlallah, 1983; Richmond & Hunter, 1990; Richmond, 1997; Goffredo et al , 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reproductive patterns in two deep-water solitary corals from the north-east Atlantic—Flabellum alabastrumandF. angulare(Cnidaria: Anthozoa: Scleractinia)

Waller

Tyler

2010

J. Mar. Biol. Ass.

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Gametogenesis and reproductive periodicity of the solitary scleractiniansFlabellum alabastrum(from the Rockall Trough) andF. angulare(from the Porcupine Seabight) were investigated. Samples were collected between depths from 1370 to 2190 m forF. alabastrumand 2412 to 2467 m forF. angulare. Both species showed gonochorism with a 1:1 sex-ratio and broadcast spawning of gametes is inferred from the lack of brooded planulae. Oocyte sizes were large in both species (925 μm inF. alabastrumand 1015 μm inF. angulare), suggesting lecithotrophic larval development. Fecundity and periodicity of oocyte development differed between the two species.Flabellum alabastrumproduced a maximum of 2800 oocytes per polyp quasi-continuously, whereas the deeper speciesF. angulareproduced a maximum of 550 oocytes per polyp either seasonally or periodically. Both species showed size-dependent fecundity. The data show a decrease in oocyte size and fecundity with depth, in concordance with other deep-water scleractinian species.

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Reproductive ecology of Fungiacyathus marenzelleri from 4100 m depth in the northeast Pacific Ocean

Cited by 24 publications

References 25 publications

Conflicting estimates of connectivity among deep‐sea coral populations

Conflicting estimates of connectivity among deep‐sea coral populations

Planulation periodicity, settlement preferences and growth of two deep-sea octocorals from the northwest Atlantic

Reproductive patterns in two deep-water solitary corals from the north-east Atlantic—Flabellum alabastrumandF. angulare(Cnidaria: Anthozoa: Scleractinia)

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