Reproductive emergencies in the bitch: a retrospective study

Abstract

ABSTRACT. This study aimed at analyzing reproductive emergencies (RE) in bitches brought in to a general veterinary hospital during a 24 month-period; evaluating their clinical-epidemiological features; and assessing the results of applied therapy. RE accounted for 11.8% of all female dog emergency clinical cases. Pyometra and dystocia accounted for 56.0% and 32% of the RE, with three (Newfoundland, Siberian Husky, Chow-Chow) and nine breeds (Boston Terrier, French Bulldog, Bernese Mountain Dog, Yorkshire Terrier, St. Bernard, Maltese, Chihuahua, Doberman and Boxer) found at higher risk of pyometra and dystocia, respectively. Fifty-four (96.4%) cases of pyometra were surgically managed, with a mortality of 13.0%. Primary uterine inertia (19 cases) was the main cause (59.4%) of dystocia. Medical treatment was attempted in 23 cases of dystocia (71.9%) but found to be effective in only two of them, leading to a high percentage of caesarian sections (30/32 cases, 93.8%). Both pyometra and dystocia had a high percentage of success following surgery. The use of standardized diagnostic and treatment protocols for the approach of RE allowed favorable outcomes.

A retrospective study of suspected pyometra causing systemic illness in 348 dogs

“…Complications that occur in pyometra dogs were including of peritonitis, kidney injuries, urinary tract infection, uveitis, endotoxaemia, bacteremia, septic shock, disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) (Hagman, 2017(Hagman, , 2018Jitpean et al, 2014). In the patients with systemically illness and suspected pyometra, ovariohysterectomy is recommended to be performed as soon as possible to remove the suspected source of inflammation and infection (Hagman, 2018;Macintire, 1994;Martins-Bessa et al, 2015;Smith, 2006). However, non-elective or urgent ovariohysterectomy has high anesthetic risk and results in severe complications with a higher risk of death.…”

Unilateral Uterine Torsion and Rupture in a Labrador – A Pathomorphological Report

“…The location of twisted component relative to major vascular supply, duration of torsion and extent of vascular compromise might be more relevant factors in progression and severity of the clinical signs (Martins-Bessa et al, 2015;Humm et al, 2010). The incidence of uterine torsion in conjunction with evisceration of fetus was reported by Hajurka et al, (2005).…”

Aerobic Isolates from Gestational and Non-Gestational Lactating Bitches (Canis lupus familiaris)

“…However, severe cases of mastitis can be complicated by the animal's septic shock, death [20] and mortinatality [21]. Therefore, canine mastitis should be considered a major emergency and must be diagnosed and treated quickly and appropriately [20,[22][23][24].…”