Reproductive factors and risk of estrogen receptor positive, triple-negative, and HER2-neu overexpressing breast cancer among women 20–44 years of age

Li, Christopher I.; Beaber, Elisabeth F.; Tang, Mei Tzu C; Porter, Peggy L.; Daling, Janet R.; Malone, Kathleen E.

doi:10.1007/s10549-012-2365-1

Cited by 111 publications

(153 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Unlike the clear inverse relationship between parity and HR+ breast cancers, only a few observational studies have reported a statistically significant positive association between parity and risk of TNBC [22, 35, 38]; results of the remaining nine studies included in this review did not reach statistically significance. A significant inverse correlation between older age at first pregnancy and TNBC was reported in 2 of 12 studies included in this review [15, 25]; the remaining nine studies did not show a statistically significant relationship. Breastfeeding was inversely associated with TNBC in the majority of the 11 studies in this review [15, 20, 22, 25, 34, 38, 40]; none reported an increased risk associated with TNBC.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…Of the 22 case-control and cohort studies that assessed parity included in this review, 19 found a statistically significant inverse association between parity and HR+ breast cancer [15-33]. In a study of premenopausal women diagnosed with breast cancer, the inverse association was only seen among women who were diagnosed at age 40 or greater [30].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Older age at menopause was positively associated with HR+ breast cancer in 3 of 7 studies [21, 28, 34]. The interval between age at menarche and age at first pregnancy was examined in four studies included in this review [15, 27, 31, 32], with three finding that a short interval was significantly inversely associated with HR+ breast cancer [27, 31, 32]. …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Reproductive risk factors and breast cancer subtypes: a review of the literature

Anderson

Schwab

Martı́nez

2014

Breast Cancer Res Treat

304

247

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Aside from age, sex, and family history, risk of developing breast cancer is largely linked to reproductive factors, which characterize exposure to sex hormones. Given that molecular testing at the tumor level is currently possible, clinical characterization of tumor subtypes is routinely conducted to guide treatment decisions. However, despite the vast amount of published data from observational studies on reproductive factor associations and breast cancer risk, relatively fewer reports have been published on associations specific to breast tumor subtypes. We conducted a review of the literature and summarized the results of associations between reproductive factors and risk or odds of three distinct tumor subtypes: estrogen receptor/progesterone receptor positive (hormone receptor positive, HR+ tumors), tumors overexpressing the human epidermal receptor 2 protein (HER2+), and triple negative breast cancer (TNBC), which lacks the three markers. Results show that the most consistent evidence for associations with reproductive risk factors exists for HR+ breast cancers, with nulliparity, current use of menopausal hormone therapy (HT), and prolonged interval between menarche and age at first birth being the strongest risk factors; increased age at first birth and decreased age at menarche were fairly consistently associated with HR+ cancers; and though less consistent, older age at menopause was also positively associated, while lactation was inversely associated with HR+ tumors. Fewer consistent associations have been reported for TNBC. The single protective factor most consistently associated with TNBC was longer duration of breastfeeding. Increased parity, younger age at first birth, older age at menarche, and oral contraceptive use were less consistently shown to be associated with TNBC. No remarkable associations for HER2+ breast cancers were evident although this was based on relatively scarce data. Findings suggest heterogeneity in reproductive risk factors for the distinct subtypes of breast tumors, which may have implications for recommended prevention strategies.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 87%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Reproductive risk factors and breast cancer subtypes: a review of the literature

Anderson

Schwab

Martı́nez

2014

Breast Cancer Res Treat

304

247

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“…Strong risk factors linked to reproductive history include nulliparity, prolonged interval between menarche and age at first live birth (eg, early menarche or late age of first live birth), and current use of menopausal hormone therapy (HT). [33][34][35][36][37] High body mass index (BMI) is an independent risk factor for breast cancer, especially in white women. Several studies have established the association of high BMI and adult weight gain with increased risk for breast cancer in postmenopausal women.…”

Section: Other Elements Of Riskmentioning

confidence: 99%

Breast Cancer Risk Reduction, Version 2.2015

Bevers¹,

Ward²,

Arun

et al. 2015

J Natl Compr Canc Netw

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OverviewBreast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer in women in the United States, with an estimated 234,190 cases of invasive breast cancer diagnosed and an estimated 40,290 cancer deaths from breast cancer in 2015.1 This highlights the need for effective breast cancer screening and risk reduction strategies.For women without a personal history of breast cancer, risk factors for its development can be AbstractBreast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed malignancy in women in the United States and is second only to lung cancer as a cause of cancer death. To assist women who are at increased risk of developing breast cancer and their physicians in the application of individualized strategies to reduce breast cancer risk, NCCN has developed these guidelines for breast cancer risk reduction. (J Natl Compr Canc Netw 2015;13:880-915) NCCN Categories of Evidence and ConsensusCategory 1: Based upon high-level evidence, there is uniform NCCN consensus that the intervention is appropriate. Category 2A: Based upon lower-level evidence, there is uniform NCCN consensus that the intervention is appropriate. Category 2B: Based upon lower-level evidence, there is NCCN consensus that the intervention is appropriate. Category 3: Based upon any level of evidence, there is major NCCN disagreement that the intervention is appropriate. © National Comprehensive Cancer Network, Inc. 2015, All rights reserved. The NCCN Guidelines and the illustrations herein may not be reproduced in any form without the express written permission of NCCN. Disclosures for the NCCN Breast Cancer Risk Reduction PanelAt the beginning of each NCCN Guidelines panel meeting, panel members review all potential conflicts of interest. NCCN, in keeping with its commitment to public transparency, publishes these disclosures for panel members, staff, and NCCN itself. grouped into categories, including familial/genetic factors; factors related to age, demographics, reproductive history, and lifestyle; and other factors, such as number of breast biopsies, especially those with a finding of flat epithelial atypia, atypical hyperplasia (AH), or lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS); breast density: or prior thoracic irradiation that occurred before 30 years of age (eg, for the treatment of Hodgkin lymphoma).Estimating breast cancer risk for an individual patient is difficult, and most breast cancers are not attributable to risk factors other than female gender and increasing age. 2 The development of effective strategies for the reduction of breast cancer incidence has also been difficult, because few of the existing risk factors are modifiable and some of the potentially modifiable risk factors have social implications extending beyond concerns for breast cancer (eg, age at first live birth). Nevertheless, effective breast cancer risk reduction strategies, such as use of risk reduction agents and risk reduction surgery, have been identified. Women and their physicians considering interventions to reduce breast cancer risk must balance the demonstrated benef...

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“…The study by Li et al (2013) was based on data collected from cancer registries in the Seattle, Puget Sound area, yielded 1056 study patients and 941 randomly selected controls. 180 TNBC patients were extracted and included for analysis.…”

Section: Endocrinological Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determinants and Disparities of Survival in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Patients: A Population-Based Retrospective Longitudinal Cohort Design Utilizing the Cox Proportional Hazard Analytical Model

Belcon¹

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Reproductive factors and risk of estrogen receptor positive, triple-negative, and HER2-neu overexpressing breast cancer among women 20–44 years of age

Cited by 111 publications

References 35 publications

Reproductive risk factors and breast cancer subtypes: a review of the literature

Reproductive risk factors and breast cancer subtypes: a review of the literature

Breast Cancer Risk Reduction, Version 2.2015

Determinants and Disparities of Survival in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Patients: A Population-Based Retrospective Longitudinal Cohort Design Utilizing the Cox Proportional Hazard Analytical Model

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