Reproductive hazards of lead exposure among urban egyptian men

Elzohairy, Eman Abdelfattah; Youssef, Ashraf; Abul-Nasr, Said M.; Fahmy, Ibrahim; Salem, Dorria; Kahil, Aziza K.; Madkour, Mahmoud K.

doi:10.1016/0890-6238(95)02057-8

Cited by 36 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…One must also consider the potential for the delivery of lead to the egg at a critical stage in development. It has been reported that semen lead concentrations can attain micromolar concentrations in occupationally exposed individuals [El-Zohairy et al, 1996;Robins et al, 1997;Hovatta et al, 1998]. Also, individuals residing near a metallurgic zone with low sperm motility have shown higher seminal plasma levels of lead than a control group [Mora Ân-Martõ Ânez, 1998].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lead effects on protamine-DNA binding

et al. 2000

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lead effects on protamine-DNA binding

et al. 2000

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“…A small study (55 men) compared blood and semen lead levels in fertile Egyptian men without occupational exposure, infertile men without occupational exposure, and infertile men with occupational exposure [El Zohairy et al 1996]. The highest blood lead level was found in infertile men with occupational exposure (370.2 mg/L) while the lowest was in fertile men without occupational exposure (169 mg/L) (po0.01).…”

Section: Animal and In-vitro Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adverse Effects of Low Level Heavy Metal Exposure on Male Reproductive Function

Wirth

Mijal

2010

Systems Biology in Reproductive Medicine

245

164

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Lead, cadmium, mercury, and arsenic, often referred to as ''heavy metals'', are toxic for wildlife, experimental animals, and humans. While experimental animal and human occupational studies with high exposure levels generally support an adverse role for these metals in human reproductive outcomes, information on the effects of low, environmentally-realistic exposure levels of these metals on male reproductive outcomes is limited. We review the literature on effects of exposure to low levels of these metals on measures of male fertility (semen quality and reproductive hormone levels) and provide supporting evidence from experimental and occupational studies. Potentially modifying effects of genetic polymorphisms on these associations are discussed. A brief review of the literature on the effects of three trace metals, copper, manganese, and molybdenum, that are required for human health, yet may also cause adverse reproductive effects, follows. Overall, there were few studies examining the effects of exposure to low levels of these metals on male reproductive health. For all metals, there were several well-designed studies with sufficient populations appropriately adjusted for potential confounders and many of these reported harmful effects. However, many studies lacked sufficient numbers of participants to be able to detect differences in outcomes between exposed and non-exposed individuals, did not clearly identify the source and characteristics of the participants, and did not control for other exposures that could alter or contribute to the outcomes. The evidence for the effects of low exposure was strongest for cadmium, lead, and mercury and less certain for arsenic. The potential modifying effects of genetic polymorphisms has not been fully explored. Additional studies on the reproductive effects of these toxic ubiquitous metals on male reproduction are required to expand the knowledge base and to resolve inconsistencies.

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“…Also the other figures, which were mentioned in the Introduction concerning spontaneous abortions and birth defects, cannot be explained by industrial exposures at the workplace. (Nurminen et al 1995) (+) Artillery shooting (Weyandt et al 1996) (+) 2-Bromopropane (Boekelheide et al 2004) + High exposure Cadmium (Keck et al 1995) ( À) Carbon tetrachloride (Bove et al 1995) (+) Chromium and nickel exposure (Danadevi et al 2003) + Ethylene glycol ethers (Chen et al 2002) + Ethylene glycol ethers (Correa et al 1996) + + Heat (Thonneau et al 1996) + Heat (Velez de la Calle et al 2001) (+) Ionizing radiation (Draper et al 1997) (À) Ionizing radiation (United Nations Scientific Committee on Effects of the Atomic 2001) À Lead (El-Zohairy et al 1996) (+) Lead (Borja-Aburto et al 1999) (+) Magnetic fields (Li et al 2002) (+) Metal fumes and solvents (Figa-Talamanca et al 2000) ( À) Microwave exposures (Weyandt et al 1996) (+) N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (Solomon et al 1996) (+) Nuclear submarine maintenance (Velez de la Calle et al 2001) (+) Pesticides (Bianca et al 2003) (+) Pesticides (Larsen et al 1998) À Organic solvents (Laumon et al 1996) (+ oral cleft) Radar (Schrader et al 1998) À Radiotherapy (Boice et al 2003) À Sedentary work position (Hjollund et al 2002) À Semiconductor industry (Elliott 1999) À Tetrachloroethylene (Bove et al 1995) (+) Trichloroethylene (Chia et al 1996) + Trihalomethanes (Bove et al 1995) (+) Various solvent and fuel exposures (Lemasters et al 1999) (+) Various solvent exposures (Shaw et al 2001) ( À) Welding À Welding ) À…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%