Reproductive medicine: The power of three

Callaway, Ewen

doi:10.1038/509414a

Cited by 20 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Common foundational material included an introduction to DNA structure and basic information on key methods used to alter the nuclear genome (e.g., zinc finger nucleases, TALENs, CRISPR-Cas9), emphasizing the advantages of CRISPR-Cas9 over previous approaches. Students in fall 2016 were also assigned readings about gene editing techniques (31, 32) and a podcast (33) to complement the lecture material.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Encouraging Science Communication through Deliberative Pedagogy: A Study of a Gene Editing Deliberation in a Nonmajors Biology Course

Drury

Bost

Wysocki

et al. 2018

J Microbiol Biol Educ.

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Deliberative pedagogy encourages productive science communication and learning through engagement and discussion of socio-scientific issues (SSI). This article examines a two-day deliberation module on gene editing that took place in an introductory nonmajors biology course, furthering research on integrating deliberative discussion into the biology classroom. The results demonstrate the benefits of a single, episodic deliberation in the classroom, which can positively encourage active discussion and critical awareness of connections between biology and real-world issues, thus contributing to the development of scientific citizenship. Additionally, the findings show that gene editing is an apt SSI topic for the deliberative process because it encourages productive communication practices of scientific citizenship, including discussion, perspective taking, questioning, and consideration of different types of evidence when coming to a decision.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Encouraging Science Communication through Deliberative Pedagogy: A Study of a Gene Editing Deliberation in a Nonmajors Biology Course

Drury

Bost

Wysocki

et al. 2018

J Microbiol Biol Educ.

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“…In 1997, infusions of oocyte cytoplasm including mitochondria from donor oocytes was conducted in order to enhance the fertility of quality-compromised oocyte with mitochondrial defects [23], resulting in the birth of over 30 children [27]. However, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration concluded that further research was required for the use of this procedure in humans due to potential health risks to the progeny [28]. If this ooplasmic transfer procedure is sufficiently improved and induced female germ cells which genetically match the patient’s oocytes can be obtained from iPS cells, such germ cells could be used as a resource for ooplasmic transfer.…”

Section: Clinical Implications Of Germ Cell Induction In Vitromentioning

confidence: 99%

Human iPS Cell-Derived Germ Cells: Current Status and Clinical Potential

Ishii

2014

JCM

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Recently, fertile spermatozoa and oocytes were generated from mouse induced pluripotent (iPS) cells using a combined in vitro and in vivo induction system. With regard to germ cell induction from human iPS cells, progress has been made particularly in the male germline, demonstrating in vitro generation of haploid, round spermatids. Although iPS-derived germ cells are expected to be developed to yield a form of assisted reproductive technology (ART) that can address unmet reproductive needs, genetic and/or epigenetic instabilities abound in iPS cell generation and germ cell induction. In addition, there is still room to improve the induction protocol in the female germline. However, rapid advances in stem cell research are likely to make such obstacles surmountable, potentially translating induced germ cells into the clinical setting in the immediate future. This review examines the current status of the induction of germ cells from human iPS cells and discusses the clinical potential, as well as future directions.

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“…Recently, therapeutic intervention approaches such as “mitochondrial replacement,” which is based on spindle, pronuclear, or polar body transfer into enucleated healthy donor oocytes or embryos, have been reported as one of technical options to prevent pathogenic mtDNA inheritance . We think that this therapeutic approach would be a powerful tool to eliminate even homoplasmic mtDNA mutations; however, such “mitochondrial replacement” also generates various issues including biology, medicine, and ethics, because artificial manipulation of the nuclear genome between the patient and the donor inevitably produces embryos carrying three genetically different origins . Remarkably, the United Kingdom became the first country in the world to allow the transfer of DNA from diseased human eggs to healthy ones in February 2015.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Concise Review: Heteroplasmic Mitochondrial DNA Mutations and Mitochondrial Diseases: Toward iPSC-Based Disease Modeling, Drug Discovery, and Regenerative Therapeutics

Hatakeyama

Goto

2016

Stem Cells

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Mitochondria contain multiple copies of their own genome (mitochondrial DNA; mtDNA). Once mitochondria are damaged by mutant mtDNA, mitochondrial dysfunction is strongly induced, followed by symptomatic appearance of mitochondrial diseases. Major genetic causes of mitochondrial diseases are defects in mtDNA, and the others are defects of mitochondriaassociating genes that are encoded in nuclear DNA (nDNA). Numerous pathogenic mutations responsible for various types of mitochondrial diseases have been identified in mtDNA; however, it remains uncertain why mitochondrial diseases present a wide variety of clinical spectrum even among patients carrying the same mtDNA mutations (e.g., variations in age of onset, in affected tissues and organs, or in disease progression and phenotypic severity). Diseaserelevant induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) derived from mitochondrial disease patients have therefore opened new avenues for understanding the definitive genotype-phenotype relationship of affected tissues and organs in various types of mitochondrial diseases triggered by mtDNA mutations. In this concise review, we briefly summarize several recent approaches using patient-derived iPSCs and their derivatives carrying various mtDNA mutations for applications in human mitochondrial disease modeling, drug discovery, and future regenerative therapeutics. STEM CELLS 2016;34:801-808 SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTMitochondria play some crucial roles in maintenance of cellular homeostasis; therefore, mitochondrial dysfunction caused by pathogenic mtDNA mutations induces mitochondrial diseases. Moreover, several recent studies have demonstrated that mitochondrial rejuvenation or maturation must be essential for bona fide cellular reprogramming or differentiation, most likely due to contributions in appropriate intracellular metabolic switching. From the viewpoint of stem cell biology, we also briefly review how induced mitochondrial dysfunction triggered by the molecular pathogenic influence of heteroplasmic mtDNA mutations affects cellular lineagedetermining processes.

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Reproductive medicine: The power of three

Cited by 20 publications

References 10 publications

Encouraging Science Communication through Deliberative Pedagogy: A Study of a Gene Editing Deliberation in a Nonmajors Biology Course

Encouraging Science Communication through Deliberative Pedagogy: A Study of a Gene Editing Deliberation in a Nonmajors Biology Course

Human iPS Cell-Derived Germ Cells: Current Status and Clinical Potential

Concise Review: Heteroplasmic Mitochondrial DNA Mutations and Mitochondrial Diseases: Toward iPSC-Based Disease Modeling, Drug Discovery, and Regenerative Therapeutics

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