Reproductive Parameters and Productivity of the Yellow-Shouldered Parrot on Margarita Island, Venezuela: a Long-Term Study

Sanz, Virginia; Rodríguez-Ferraro, Adriana

doi:10.1650/0010-5422(2006)108[0178:rpapot]2.0.co;2

Cited by 24 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Predation is the main cause of nest losses for lowland species of Amazona (Enkerlin-Hoeflich 1995;Koenig 2001;Fernandes Seixas and Mourao 2002;Renton and Salinas Melgoza 2004;Sanz and Rodríguez Ferraro 2006) and for most birds (Ricklefs 1969;Skutch 1985;Newton 1998).…”

Section: Factors Potentially Influencing Reproductive Outputmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…High rates of nesting success for Thick-billed Parrots have also been attributed in part to low rates of poaching (1 of 187 nests) (Monterrubio et al 2002). Many studies reporting low reproductive output for parrots were conducted in areas where poaching affects productivity and nesting success (Martuscelli 1995;Wright et al 2001;Rodríguez Castillo and Eberhard 2006;Sanz and Rodríguez Ferraro 2006). However for some species, low productivity can be explained not by the influence of poaching but by high levels of predation and low food availability (Renton and Salinas Melgoza 2004).…”

Section: Factors Potentially Influencing Reproductive Outputmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The lack of information on the natural history, ecology and demography of many parrot species precludes an assessment of the mechanisms that regulate population dynamics (Koenig 2001). There have been a number of studies of the nesting and reproductive behaviour of several lowland tropical forest species of Amazona parrot Rojas Suárez 1991;Enkerlin-Hoeflich 1995;Koenig 2001;Fernandes Seixas and Mourao 2002;Renton and Salinas Melgoza 2004;Sanz and Rodríguez Ferraro 2006;Rodrí-guez Castillo and Eberhard 2006;Berkunsky and Reboreda 2009). However, the behaviour and reproductive rates of Amazona parrots that nest in temperate and high-altitude forests (above 1500 m above sea level), specifically the Scaly-naped Parrot (A. mercenaria) and the Tucuman Parrot (A. tucumana), are not known (Juniper and Parr 1998).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most Amazona parrots have rates of nesting success of 35-57% (Gnam and Rockwell 1991;Enkerlin-Hoeflich 1995;Koenig 2001;Fernandes Seixas and Mourao 2002;Renton and Salinas Melgoza 2004;Sanz and Rodríguez Ferraro 2006). However, island species tend to have higher rates of success, of 46-82% (Snyder et al 1987;Gnam and Rockwell 1991) and in studies of two Amazona species with the lowest documented rates of nesting success (i.e.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…0-13%), rates of nest poaching were high (Martuscelli 1995;Rodríguez Castillo and Eberhard 2006). Most Amazona species have a mean clutchsize of 2.6-3.6 eggs and produce 0.3-2.5 fledglings per female (Snyder et al 1987;Gnam and Rockwell 1991;Enkerlin-Hoeflich 1995;Martuscelli 1995;Koenig 2001;Renton and Salinas Melgoza 2004;Rodríguez Castillo and Eberhard 2006;Sanz and Rodríguez Ferraro 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nesting success and productivity of Tucuman Parrots(Amazona tucumana)in high-altitude forests of Argentina: do they differ from lowlandAmazonaparrots?

Rivera

Politi

Bucher

et al. 2014

Emu - Austral Ornithology

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Abstract. Most of our knowledge of reproduction of wild parrots in the Neotropics comes from studies of tropical lowland species, with few studies addressing species of high-altitude forests. We studied the reproductive biology of Tucuman Parrots (Amazona tucumana) in north-western Argentina between 2004 and 2009. We obtained data on reproductive output for 86 nests and on causes of mortality for 94 nests. Mean clutch-size per nesting attempt was 3.6 eggs AE 1.0 (s.d.). Hatching success (proportion of eggs laid that hatch) was 0.77 AE 0.17. Fledging success (proportion of nestlings that fledge) was 0.83 AE 0.13. The overall breeding success (mean number of fledglings per laying female per year) was 2.3 AE 0.8. Overall finite nesting success (daily survival rate to the power of the nesting length) was 0.53 AE 0.27, and chick finite nesting success rate was 0.74 AE 0.22. We did not find differences in reproductive rate between Tucuman Parrots and other species of Amazona parrot from lowland habitats. Productivity and nesting success of Tucuman Parrots had high values in some years and low values in others. This was probably related to fruiting events of Podocarpus parlatorei -a critical food item. The main causes of nesting failure were predation (16%) and abandonment (12%). Our results suggest that for several species of Amazona in lowland habitats, predation and poaching may be the main limiting factors whereas climatic factors and food availability may contribute most to nesting failure at higher altitudes.

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Section: Factors Potentially Influencing Reproductive Outputmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Factors Potentially Influencing Reproductive Outputmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Nesting success and productivity of Tucuman Parrots(Amazona tucumana)in high-altitude forests of Argentina: do they differ from lowlandAmazonaparrots?

Rivera

Politi

Bucher

et al. 2014

Emu - Austral Ornithology

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Developmental stage of failed eggs in the red-legged partridge Alectoris rufa

Castilla

Reig

Aragón

et al. 2008

J Ethol

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Understanding whether egg failure occurs more frequently during laying or during incubation is important for determining the most vulnerable period of the egg phase in bird species with long laying and incubation periods. However, most studies compare nest failure during the egg stage and the hatchling stage. In this study we examined whether egg failure was higher during the laying period and early development than during the final stages of development in a population of red-legged partridge (Alectoris rufa) from northeast Spain. We collected 216 abandoned eggs in the field. Only 12% (n = 26) of the eggs were sufficiently intact to enable direct assessment of developmental stage, showing that 81% of 26 eggs were lost during early stages. The majority of eggs were depredated (n = 154, 71%), as evidenced by an opening hole. To take advantage of information contained in these eggs, we propose a simple method to assess their developmental stage by measuring the size of the opening of their hole. Based on this method, we estimated that the proportion of eggs lost during early stages ranged from 72 to 83%. We validated this result of a high percentage of egg failure during early developmental stages with a larger experimental sample. Nest losses in the partridge are higher during the laying period or early development. This result is important in that the direction of conservation efforts and their seasonal application should be adjusted to account for the most important factors affecting egg failure.

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Resource requirements of parrots: nest site selectivity and dietary plasticity of Psittaciformes

et al. 2015

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Parrots (Order Psittaciformes) are secondary cavity-nesters that depend on existing cavities for nest sites, and consume plant resources of fruits, seeds, and flowers that are highly variable, but little is known of resource selectivity by parrots, or how they deal with variable environments. We reviewed published studies of nest-cavity use by parrots, and those evaluating parrot diet and their relationship with food resources. Most studies have been conducted within the last 20 years and these present data on resource use for only one-third of parrot species worldwide. However, basic information on resource requirements is lacking for the vast majority of Psittaciformes, particularly for species from the Asian region. Nesting studies have found that parrots use nest cavities in large trees, high above the ground, with large nest chambers, of 0.5-1 m deep, and entrance diameters related to body size of the parrot species. A few studies demonstrate that parrots select nest sites based on cavity characteristics, which may influence nest success, but a complete evaluation of adaptive nest site selection by Psittaciformes is lacking. Parrots have varied diets and may employ a combination of strategies of diet switching, habitat shifts, and movements to track food resources. This plasticity in diet and foraging strategy may influence the extent to which parrots can respond to anthropogenic pressures of global change. Parrots may also play an important functional role in forest ecosystems, yet little is currently known of plant-animal interactions of parrots, or the impact of parrot populations on forest dynamics. Based on our review of the literature, we suggest that to meet their resource requirements, parrots employ resource selection strategies of hierarchical nest site selection to increase the likelihood of nest success, and plasticity in diet and foraging strategy to track variable food resources. Future studies need to evaluate resource selection and the consequences of this for fitness in order to assess the potential impacts of global change on parrot populations, and to identify characteristics which make species vulnerable to human pressures.

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Reproductive Parameters and Productivity of the Yellow-Shouldered Parrot on Margarita Island, Venezuela: a Long-Term Study

Cited by 24 publications

References 25 publications

Nesting success and productivity of Tucuman Parrots(Amazona tucumana)in high-altitude forests of Argentina: do they differ from lowlandAmazonaparrots?

Nesting success and productivity of Tucuman Parrots(Amazona tucumana)in high-altitude forests of Argentina: do they differ from lowlandAmazonaparrots?

Developmental stage of failed eggs in the red-legged partridge Alectoris rufa

Resource requirements of parrots: nest site selectivity and dietary plasticity of Psittaciformes

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