Reproductive Physiology of Halophytes: Current Standing

Yuan, Fang; Guo, Jianrong; Shabala, Sergey; Wang, Baoshan

doi:10.3389/fpls.2018.01954

Cited by 119 publications

(75 citation statements)

References 158 publications

(189 reference statements)

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“…Salt stress induces damage primarily through osmotic and ion stresses. Therefore, halophytes can resist to salt stress due to their ability to adjust osmotic state and ion balance 14,28,64 . The excess Na + , Cl − and oxidative stress in the intracellular or extracellular environment activate the osmotic adjustment or homeostasis regulating salt stress responses 27,28 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcriptomic analysis identifies novel genes and pathways for salt stress responses in Suaeda salsa leaves

Zhang

Yao

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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Salinity is a critical abiotic stress, which significantly impacts the agricultural yield worldwide. Identification of the molecular mechanisms underlying the salt tolerance in euhalophyte Suaeda salsa is conducive to the development of salt-resistant crops. In the present study, high-throughput RNA sequencing was performed after S. salsa leaves were exposed to 300 mM NaCl for 7 days, and 7,753 unigenes were identified as differently expressed genes (DEGs) in S. salsa, including 3,638 increased and 4,115 decreased unigenes. Moreover, hundreds of pathways were predicted to participate in salt stress response in S. salsa by Gene Ontology (GO), MapMan and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analyses, including ion transport and sequestration as well as photoprotection of photosystem (PS) II. The GO enrichment analysis indicated that genes related to ion transport, reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging and transcriptional factors were highly expressed upon NaCl treatment. The excessive Na + and cl − ions were supposed to be absorbed into the vacuole for ion sequestration and balance adjustment by potassium transporters (such as KEA3) with high expressions. Moreover, we predicted that mutiple candidate genes associated with photosynthesis (such as PSB33 and ABA4), ROS (such as TAU9 and PHI8) and transcriptional regulation (HB-7 and MYB78) pathways could mitigate salt stress-caused damage in S. salsa. Salt stress, one of the most important abiotic factors, greatly affects global agricultural productivity. It is estimated that about 6.0% of the land worldwide, more than 800 million ha, is either salt affected or has been subjected to soil salinization 1,2. The food production is increased at a rate of 1.8% per year, the world population is expected to exceed 9.5 billion people by 2050 (http://www.fao.org/wsfs/world-summit/en), and 30% of the cultivable soils will become unusable due to salt stress, all of which pose serious challenges to salt alleviating technologies for agricultural research 3. Plants can be divided into halophytes and glycophytes according to the ability of salt tolerance. External salt concentration of 86 mM NaCl has been taken as a general limit, above which the plant yield of glycophytes is severely reduced 4,5. Nevertheless, halophytes can grow in a surrounding containing even 200 mM NaCl or more, and they are further categorized into euhalophytes, recretohalophytes and pseudo-halophytes 6-9. Salt-diluting halophytes, such as sea beet and other succulent halophytes, are able to balance low external water potential and generate turgor by accumulating high contents of internal Na + and Cl − ions in their vegetative tissues 10-12. Recretohalophytes are typical halophytes, which have developed a series of adaptive secretory structures, including salt glands and salt bladders, for salt excretion 2,4,5,13-15. These characteristic visible structures of recretohalophytes play a crucial role in excreting excess salt out of the plants to avoid ionic damage 13,14,16-20. Euhalophytes ...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcriptomic analysis identifies novel genes and pathways for salt stress responses in Suaeda salsa leaves

Zhang

Yao

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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“…Calcium also operates as a second messenger, in both SOS (salt overly sensitive), and ABA signal pathway. Salt-tolerant genotypes appear to have a larger population of Ca +2 -sensitive NSCC channels [8,59].…”

Section: Ions and Osmolytes Accumulation In Halophytes Seedsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Meanwhile, REPRESSOR OF GA-LIKE 2 (RLG2) transcription is also activated by salinity or by the aBI3/ABI5 pathway, leading to inactivation of the GA signaling pathway, which further inhibits germination by blocking or limiting GA signaling. [8,60]. In addition, in 22 species of halophytes, ethylene has been found to promote seed germination [62].…”

Section: Phytohormones In Early Germinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hydro-halophytes need aquatic conditions, or wet soil (mangroves and salt-marsh species inland or along coastlines). Xerohalophytes survive in dry habitats with saline soils (i.e., arid, semi-arid inlands with unpredictable rainfall) and are considered extremophiles when halophytes germinate and reproduce under high-salinity conditions (≥500 mM NaCl) [7,8]. On the other hand, it bears emphasizing the widespread use currently made of halophytes as alternatives to glycophytic crops, forages and animal feeds, oilseeds and protein crops, energy crops (biofuels and fuelwood), phytoremediation, medicinal plants and other commercial products [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Adaptation of Halophytes to Different Habitats

Bueno¹

2020

Seed Dormancy and Germination

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In recent years, global climate change has been altering environmental (severe drought, soil salinization, irregular precipitation, etc.), around world, decreasing crop yield and upsetting the balance of ecosystems. Nonetheless, a group of plants known as halophytes have the ability to survive and develop in saline soils (wetlands, deserts or temperate zones), may be used in agriculture as a possible alternative to crops (salt-sensitive), as well as for fodder, energy production, medicinal purposes, and desalination of salt-affected areas (phytoremediation). This chapter provides a comprehensive summary of the adaptive strategies used by the annual and perennial halophytes on ecophysiological perspectives, to survive in diverse habitats. The results show a great diverse strategies, such as heteromorphism, seed banks, dormancy, rapid germination, and recovery capacity, from saline shock, favoring the chances of seed survival, although these mechanisms depend on light, moisture, temperature, and the type of salt, in which seeds germinate. In addition, it has been included some molecular, and biochemical aspects, discovered in last years, that might improve our understanding of physiology of these plants. It can conclude that halophytes may be as a possible alternative to ease pressure on cropping systems, restored lands degraded, or confer stress tolerance trough gene transfer.

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“…Worldwide, there is a growing realization that biodiversity is fundamental to agricultural production and food security, as well as a valuable component of environmental conservation. Agrobiodiversity, includes not only the maintenance of a wide variety of species and genetic resources, but also the many ways in which farmers can exploit biological diversity to produce and manage crops, land, water, insects, and biota (YUAN et al, 2015a;YUAN et al, 2019). The concept of sustainability also includes habitats and species, outside of farming systems, that benefit agriculture and enhance the maintenance of a viable ecosystem.…”

Section: The Importance Of Biodiversity For Mankind Agricultural Relementioning

confidence: 99%

From ecosystems to human welfare: the role and conservation of biodiversity

Zhang

Zhou

2019

Cienc. Rural

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Biodiversity plays a key role in human welfare by providing agricultural, economic, and health benefits. However, following the industrial revolution, the rapid expansion of the human population and subsequent economic activities have caused a dramatic loss in global biodiversity, resulting in significant disturbances to ecosystems and our own living conditions. Accordingly, the conservation of biodiversity has become one of the most important challenges for humanity. The vast numbers of plants, animals, and microorganisms, the enormous genetic diversity of these species and the different ecosystems to which these organisms belong are all part of a biologically diverse planet. A substantial proportion of the world’s biodiversity has been destroyed, this loss is a catastrophe for all living species, including humans. Fortunately, we are working to remedy the destruction of our ecosystems. Herein, we summarized the discovery and development of biodiversity as a field of study and discuss the importance of the genetic and metabolite diversity. We proposed potential solutions to the loss of biodiversity with the aim of facilitating further exploration and identification of biodiversity, contributing for human welfare through the conservation of human habitats.

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Reproductive Physiology of Halophytes: Current Standing

Cited by 119 publications

References 158 publications

Transcriptomic analysis identifies novel genes and pathways for salt stress responses in Suaeda salsa leaves

Transcriptomic analysis identifies novel genes and pathways for salt stress responses in Suaeda salsa leaves

Adaptation of Halophytes to Different Habitats

From ecosystems to human welfare: the role and conservation of biodiversity

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